|
|
1979–1986
|
1987–1994
|
1995
|
1996
|
1997
|
1998
|
1999
|
2000
|
2001
|
2002
|
2003–2006
|
|
世界
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
储蓄
|
23.0
|
23.0
|
23.6
|
23.4
|
23.9
|
23.0
|
23.1
|
23.7
|
22.8
|
22.9
|
23.7
|
|
投资
|
23.7
|
24.1
|
24.2
|
24.1
|
24.2
|
23.3
|
23.1
|
23.5
|
23.1
|
23.1
|
23.9
|
|
先进经济体
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
储蓄
|
21.9
|
21.7
|
21.4
|
21.4
|
22.0
|
22.0
|
21.6
|
21.6
|
20.5
|
20.9
|
21.9
|
|
私人
|
21.5
|
20.7
|
20.9
|
20.4
|
19.8
|
19.9
|
18.6
|
18.2
|
17.2
|
17.4
|
18.0
|
|
公共
|
0.4
|
1.0
|
0.5
|
1.0
|
2.2
|
2.1
|
3.0
|
3.4
|
3.3
|
3.4
|
3.9
|
|
投资
|
23.0
|
22.2
|
21.5
|
21.6
|
21.9
|
21.8
|
21.9
|
22.2
|
21.2
|
21.0
|
21.7
|
|
私人
|
18.3
|
18.2
|
17.6
|
17.7
|
18.2
|
18.1
|
18.1
|
18.6
|
17.6
|
17.4
|
18.4
|
|
公共
|
4.4
|
4.1
|
3.9
|
3.9
|
3.7
|
3.6
|
3.7
|
3.6
|
3.6
|
3.5
|
3.3
|
|
净借出
|
–1.1
|
–0.5
|
–0.2
|
–0.2
|
0.1
|
0.2
|
–0.3
|
–0.6
|
–0.7
|
–0.1
|
0.2
|
|
私人
|
3.2
|
2.5
|
3.3
|
2.7
|
1.6
|
1.7
|
0.4
|
–0.4
|
–0.4
|
—
|
–0.4
|
|
公共
|
–4.2
|
–3.1
|
–3.4
|
–2.9
|
–1.5
|
–1.5
|
–0.7
|
–0.2
|
–0.3
|
–0.1
|
0.6
|
|
经常转移
|
–0.2
|
–0.3
|
–0.3
|
–0.3
|
–0.3
|
–0.4
|
–0.4
|
–0.4
|
–0.4
|
–0.4
|
–0.3
|
|
要素收入
|
–0.5
|
–0.4
|
–0.3
|
–0.3
|
–0.2
|
–0.1
|
0.2
|
0.4
|
0.2
|
0.6
|
0.7
|
|
来源差额
|
–0.3
|
0.1
|
0.4
|
0.4
|
0.6
|
0.6
|
—
|
–0.6
|
–0.5
|
–0.4
|
–0.2
|
|
美国
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
储蓄
|
19.1
|
16.9
|
17.0
|
17.3
|
18.1
|
18.8
|
18.4
|
18.1
|
16.4
|
17.4
|
19.6
|
|
私人
|
19.7
|
17.8
|
17.1
|
16.5
|
16.2
|
15.7
|
14.5
|
13.4
|
11.8
|
12.8
|
15.0
|
|
公共
|
–0.6
|
–0.9
|
–0.1
|
0.8
|
1.9
|
3.1
|
3.9
|
4.7
|
4.6
|
4.6
|
4.6
|
|
投资
|
21.0
|
18.6
|
18.7
|
19.1
|
19.9
|
20.7
|
20.9
|
21.1
|
19.6
|
19.3
|
20.9
|
|
私人
|
17.4
|
15.0
|
15.5
|
15.9
|
16.7
|
17.5
|
17.7
|
17.9
|
16.2
|
15.9
|
17.6
|
|
公共
|
3.6
|
3.6
|
3.2
|
3.2
|
3.2
|
3.2
|
3.3
|
3.2
|
3.4
|
3.4
|
3.3
|
|
净借出
|
–1.9
|
–1.8
|
–1.7
|
–1.8
|
–1.8
|
–1.9
|
–2.5
|
–3.0
|
–3.3
|
–1.9
|
–1.3
|
|
私人
|
2.3
|
2.7
|
1.7
|
0.6
|
–0.6
|
–1.9
|
–3.1
|
–4.5
|
–4.4
|
–3.0
|
–2.6
|
|
公共
|
–4.2
|
–4.5
|
–3.3
|
–2.4
|
–1.3
|
–0.1
|
0.6
|
1.5
|
1.2
|
1.2
|
1.2
|
|
经常转移
|
–0.4
|
–0.4
|
–0.5
|
–0.5
|
–0.5
|
–0.5
|
–0.5
|
–0.5
|
–0.4
|
–0.4
|
–0.3
|
|
要素收入
|
0.2
|
0.2
|
0.1
|
—
|
–0.1
|
0.5
|
0.8
|
1.3
|
0.6
|
1.8
|
2.1
|
|
来源差额
|
–1.7
|
–1.5
|
–1.3
|
–1.3
|
–1.3
|
–1.9
|
–2.8
|
–3.8
|
–3.5
|
–3.3
|
–3.1
|
|
欧盟
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
储蓄
|
20.5
|
20.6
|
20.8
|
20.4
|
21.0
|
20.9
|
20.7
|
20.9
|
20.6
|
20.7
|
21.5
|
|
私人
|
21.0
|
21.6
|
22.9
|
22.0
|
21.0
|
20.0
|
19.0
|
18.8
|
18.7
|
18.6
|
18.9
|
|
公共
|
–0.5
|
–0.9
|
–2.1
|
–1.6
|
–0.1
|
0.9
|
1.7
|
2.1
|
1.9
|
2.1
|
2.6
|
|
投资
|
21.8
|
21.4
|
20.2
|
19.6
|
19.8
|
20.5
|
20.6
|
21.3
|
20.8
|
20.8
|
21.2
|
|
私人
|
17.7
|
18.2
|
17.5
|
17.1
|
17.4
|
18.1
|
18.2
|
18.9
|
18.3
|
18.3
|
18.6
|
|
公共
|
3.8
|
3.1
|
2.7
|
2.5
|
2.3
|
2.3
|
2.4
|
2.4
|
2.5
|
2.5
|
2.6
|
|
净借出
|
–1.3
|
–0.7
|
0.6
|
0.8
|
1.2
|
0.5
|
0.1
|
–0.4
|
–0.2
|
–0.1
|
0.3
|
|
私人
|
3.0
|
3.3
|
5.4
|
4.9
|
3.6
|
1.9
|
0.8
|
–0.1
|
0.4
|
0.4
|
0.3
|
|
公共
|
–4.4
|
–4.1
|
–4.7
|
–4.1
|
–2.4
|
–1.4
|
–0.7
|
–0.3
|
–0.6
|
–0.5
|
0.1
|
|
经常转移
|
–0.3
|
–0.4
|
–0.2
|
–0.4
|
–0.3
|
–0.4
|
–0.5
|
–0.5
|
–0.5
|
–0.5
|
–0.5
|
|
要素收入
|
–1.2
|
–0.9
|
–0.8
|
–0.7
|
–0.6
|
–0.8
|
–0.5
|
–0.4
|
–0.4
|
–0.5
|
–0.5
|
|
来源差额
|
0.2
|
0.6
|
1.6
|
1.9
|
2.2
|
1.7
|
1.1
|
0.5
|
0.7
|
0.9
|
1.3
|
|
日本
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
储蓄
|
31.3
|
33.0
|
30.2
|
30.6
|
30.9
|
29.9
|
28.6
|
28.5
|
27.5
|
26.9
|
26.8
|
|
私人
|
27.3
|
24.4
|
24.3
|
24.9
|
25.2
|
30.4
|
26.4
|
28.1
|
26.6
|
26.0
|
23.6
|
|
公共
|
4.0
|
8.6
|
5.9
|
5.7
|
5.8
|
–0.5
|
2.1
|
0.3
|
0.9
|
0.9
|
3.1
|
|
投资
|
29.9
|
30.5
|
28.2
|
29.2
|
28.7
|
26.9
|
26.1
|
26.0
|
25.5
|
24.5
|
24.2
|
|
私人
|
21.6
|
23.5
|
19.9
|
20.6
|
21.1
|
19.5
|
18.3
|
18.9
|
18.7
|
18.6
|
19.4
|
|
公共
|
8.3
|
7.1
|
8.3
|
8.7
|
7.6
|
7.4
|
7.8
|
7.1
|
6.8
|
5.9
|
4.8
|
|
净借出
|
1.4
|
2.5
|
2.0
|
1.4
|
2.2
|
3.0
|
2.5
|
2.5
|
2.0
|
2.4
|
2.6
|
|
私人
|
5.7
|
0.9
|
4.4
|
4.4
|
4.1
|
10.9
|
8.1
|
9.3
|
7.9
|
7.5
|
4.2
|
|
公共
|
–4.3
|
1.6
|
–2.3
|
–3.0
|
–1.9
|
–8.0
|
–5.6
|
–6.8
|
–5.9
|
–5.0
|
–1.6
|
|
经常转移
|
–0.1
|
–0.1
|
–0.1
|
–0.2
|
–0.2
|
–0.2
|
–0.3
|
–0.2
|
–0.2
|
–0.2
|
–0.3
|
|
要素收入
|
0.2
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
1.1
|
1.3
|
1.3
|
1.3
|
1.2
|
1.4
|
1.4
|
1.4
|
|
来源差额
|
1.3
|
1.9
|
1.4
|
0.5
|
1.1
|
1.9
|
1.5
|
1.5
|
0.8
|
1.3
|
1.4
|
|
亚洲新兴工业经济体
|
|
储蓄
|
...
|
35.1
|
33.4
|
32.3
|
32.3
|
32.6
|
32.2
|
31.0
|
29.3
|
29.0
|
28.4
|
|
私人
|
...
|
27.1
|
26.3
|
25.4
|
25.2
|
25.4
|
25.6
|
24.3
|
22.7
|
22.3
|
21.6
|
|
公共
|
...
|
8.0
|
7.1
|
6.9
|
7.1
|
7.3
|
6.6
|
6.7
|
6.6
|
6.6
|
6.8
|
|
投资
|
...
|
30.8
|
33.2
|
32.8
|
31.6
|
24.2
|
25.8
|
26.9
|
25.3
|
25.2
|
25.2
|
|
私人
|
...
|
24.6
|
26.5
|
26.2
|
25.1
|
17.5
|
19.5
|
21.3
|
19.5
|
19.7
|
20.0
|
|
公共
|
...
|
6.3
|
6.6
|
6.6
|
6.5
|
6.7
|
6.4
|
5.6
|
5.8
|
5.5
|
5.2
|
|
净借出
|
...
|
4.3
|
0.2
|
–0.4
|
0.7
|
8.4
|
6.4
|
4.1
|
4.0
|
3.8
|
3.1
|
|
私人
|
...
|
2.6
|
–0.3
|
–0.8
|
0.1
|
7.9
|
6.1
|
3.0
|
3.2
|
2.7
|
1.6
|
|
公共
|
...
|
1.7
|
0.5
|
0.3
|
0.6
|
0.5
|
0.2
|
1.1
|
0.7
|
1.1
|
1.6
|
|
经常转移
|
...
|
—
|
–0.4
|
–0.3
|
–0.4
|
0.1
|
–0.2
|
–0.4
|
–0.5
|
–0.4
|
–0.4
|
|
要素收入
|
...
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.2
|
0.6
|
—
|
0.3
|
0.5
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
0.5
|
|
来源差额
|
...
|
3.9
|
0.3
|
–0.2
|
0.5
|
8.4
|
6.3
|
4.0
|
3.7
|
3.5
|
3.0
|
|
发展中经济体
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
储蓄
|
21.8
|
24.1
|
27.2
|
26.8
|
27.3
|
25.7
|
25.7
|
26.5
|
25.9
|
25.7
|
26.1
|
|
投资
|
24.0
|
25.9
|
28.7
|
28.0
|
27.9
|
26.2
|
25.4
|
25.8
|
26.0
|
26.3
|
26.7
|
|
净借出
|
–2.2
|
–1.8
|
–1.5
|
–1.2
|
–0.5
|
–0.6
|
0.2
|
0.8
|
–0.2
|
–0.6
|
–0.7
|
|
经常转移
|
0.8
|
1.0
|
1.1
|
1.1
|
1.1
|
0.9
|
0.9
|
1.1
|
1.3
|
1.2
|
1.1
|
|
要素收入
|
–1.9
|
–1.8
|
–0.6
|
–1.4
|
–1.6
|
–1.7
|
–1.9
|
–2.3
|
–2.3
|
–2.0
|
–1.5
|
|
来源差额
|
–1.1
|
–0.9
|
–2.0
|
–0.9
|
–0.1
|
0.2
|
1.3
|
1.9
|
0.8
|
0.1
|
–0.3
|
|
非洲
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
储蓄
|
19.5
|
16.6
|
15.6
|
17.0
|
16.1
|
14.9
|
15.5
|
18.7
|
18.4
|
18.8
|
19.8
|
|
投资
|
22.5
|
19.4
|
19.7
|
19.5
|
19.2
|
20.4
|
20.3
|
19.8
|
20.6
|
21.6
|
21.8
|
|
净借出
|
–2.9
|
–2.8
|
–4.2
|
–2.5
|
–3.1
|
–5.5
|
–4.9
|
–1.1
|
–2.1
|
–2.8
|
–2.0
|
|
经常转移
|
1.4
|
3.0
|
3.1
|
3.0
|
3.1
|
3.2
|
3.2
|
3.5
|
3.4
|
3.4
|
3.0
|
|
要素收入
|
–2.2
|
–4.5
|
–3.9
|
–4.7
|
–4.9
|
–4.2
|
–5.0
|
–5.3
|
–4.5
|
–3.9
|
–3.4
|
|
来源差额
|
–2.2
|
–1.4
|
–3.3
|
–0.8
|
–1.3
|
–4.5
|
–3.0
|
0.7
|
–1.1
|
–2.2
|
–1.6
|
|
亚洲发展中经济体
|
|
储蓄
|
24.7
|
29.7
|
32.8
|
32.1
|
33.1
|
31.7
|
31.0
|
31.9
|
31.1
|
30.3
|
29.8
|
|
投资
|
27.1
|
30.7
|
34.6
|
33.2
|
32.1
|
29.2
|
28.8
|
29.6
|
29.8
|
29.7
|
29.5
|
|
净借出
|
–2.3
|
–1.0
|
–1.8
|
–1.0
|
1.0
|
2.5
|
2.2
|
2.3
|
1.3
|
0.7
|
0.3
|
|
经常转移
|
1.2
|
0.9
|
1.2
|
1.3
|
1.6
|
1.3
|
1.3
|
1.4
|
1.4
|
1.3
|
1.2
|
|
要素收入
|
–0.8
|
–0.5
|
–1.3
|
–0.8
|
–1.0
|
–1.1
|
–1.1
|
–0.9
|
–0.9
|
–0.9
|
–0.9
|
|
来源差额
|
–2.7
|
–1.5
|
–1.6
|
–1.6
|
0.4
|
2.4
|
2.0
|
1.7
|
0.7
|
0.2
|
—
|
|
中东、马耳他和土耳其
|
|
储蓄
|
23.1
|
19.5
|
27.5
|
24.7
|
24.9
|
21.1
|
23.8
|
22.7
|
22.8
|
23.4
|
26.5
|
|
投资
|
23.7
|
23.4
|
23.3
|
24.2
|
25.2
|
24.8
|
22.9
|
22.0
|
23.0
|
23.9
|
26.8
|
|
净借出
|
–0.6
|
–3.9
|
4.2
|
0.4
|
–0.3
|
–3.6
|
0.9
|
0.7
|
–0.2
|
–0.5
|
–0.2
|
|
经常转移
|
0.1
|
–0.7
|
–0.8
|
–1.3
|
–2.5
|
–3.5
|
–4.2
|
–2.6
|
–0.5
|
–0.6
|
–0.5
|
|
要素收入
|
–0.6
|
–1.8
|
10.9
|
1.0
|
0.4
|
–0.4
|
–1.1
|
–6.3
|
–6.6
|
–3.9
|
0.2
|
|
来源差额
|
–0.1
|
–1.3
|
–5.9
|
0.8
|
1.9
|
0.3
|
6.2
|
9.6
|
6.9
|
4.0
|
0.1
|
|
拉美
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
储蓄
|
18.3
|
19.3
|
19.0
|
19.1
|
19.1
|
17.6
|
17.2
|
17.4
|
16.4
|
16.9
|
17.8
|
|
投资
|
20.8
|
21.2
|
21.3
|
21.1
|
22.4
|
22.1
|
20.1
|
19.9
|
19.6
|
20.0
|
20.7
|
|
净借出
|
–2.4
|
–1.8
|
–2.3
|
–2.0
|
–3.3
|
–4.6
|
–3.0
|
–2.4
|
–3.2
|
–3.2
|
–3.0
|
|
经常转移
|
0.4
|
1.1
|
1.1
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
1.1
|
1.3
|
1.2
|
1.2
|
1.2
|
1.0
|
|
要素收入
|
–3.9
|
–3.3
|
–3.0
|
–2.7
|
–2.6
|
–2.6
|
–3.0
|
–3.0
|
–3.3
|
–3.3
|
–3.2
|
|
来源差额
|
1.0
|
0.4
|
–0.5
|
–0.3
|
–1.7
|
–3.1
|
–1.2
|
–0.7
|
–1.2
|
–1.0
|
–0.8
|
|
转轨国家
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
储蓄
|
...
|
...
|
23.8
|
22.0
|
21.2
|
17.1
|
22.3
|
27.1
|
25.4
|
24.6
|
24.6
|
|
投资
|
...
|
...
|
24.6
|
24.5
|
24.1
|
21.0
|
20.0
|
21.3
|
22.7
|
23.5
|
25.2
|
|
净借出
|
...
|
...
|
–0.7
|
–2.4
|
–3.0
|
–3.9
|
2.3
|
5.8
|
2.7
|
1.2
|
–0.6
|
|
经常转移
|
...
|
...
|
0.7
|
0.7
|
0.8
|
0.9
|
1.1
|
1.1
|
1.1
|
1.1
|
1.3
|
|
要素收入
|
...
|
...
|
–0.7
|
–0.8
|
–1.2
|
–2.7
|
–2.6
|
–2.4
|
–2.2
|
–2.0
|
–1.9
|
|
来源差额
|
...
|
...
|
–0.7
|
–2.3
|
–2.5
|
–2.1
|
3.8
|
7.1
|
3.8
|
2.1
|
—
|
说明：表中的估计值是基于各国国民核算账户和国际收支统计做出的。许多国家的国民储蓄，是根据这些国家国民核算账户中的国内总投资与国际收支账户中的外国直接投资（净）估计得出的。由于数据来源的多样性，国民储蓄估计难免出现统计误差。而且，误差、遗漏与国际收支统计的对称性影响到对净借出的估计：就全球而言，净借出即经常账户差额，在理论上应该为零，但统计数据却呈现一定的误差。尽管存在上述统计上的不足，资金流量估计仍不失为分析储蓄与投资变化的有效框架。国家集团数据是以各国购买力平价GDP值加权而得。
资料来源：IMF, World Economic Outlook, 2001年9月26日。
