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公示语汉英翻译研究
—以2012年奥运会主办城市伦敦为例
戴宗显 吕和发
（北京第二外国语学院，北京 100024）
摘 要：公示语所展示的信息状态既有“静态”，也有“动态”；具有指示性、提示性、限制性、强制性四种突出的应用示意功能；引发兴趣、提供信息、加深理解、促进行动、巩固形象、服务社会、防范犯罪等突出的城市功能；广泛使用名词、动词、动名词、词组、短语、缩略语、文字与标志组合、现在时态、祈使句、规范性和标准性语汇，以及部分本土色彩浓厚的语汇，严格的法律规范，从而构成英语公示语的独特语言风格和文化特色。功能对等，情境相同，对象一致，目标明确，转换对应是在语境全球化条件下公示语汉英翻译所应遵循的原则标准。
关键词：公示语；示意功能；特定功能；汉英翻译；理论思考
中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：
1000-873X(2005)06-0038-05
On C-E Translation of Public Signs
Dai Zongxian & Lü Hefa
(Beijing International Studies University，Beijing 100024, China)
Abstract: Public signs in English are essential to the development of
international tourism in China. This paper takes a close look at the functional
features of such signs as well as their most prominent stylistic
characteristics, and concludes that all things considered, back translation is
the approach we ought to adopt in C-E translation of signs in public places.
Key words: C-E translation; sign; internationalized destination; functional
feature; language style; perspective
也谈汉英公示语的翻译
杨全红
（四川外语学院外国语文研究中心， 重庆 400031）
摘 要：本文分别探讨以下问题：我国汉英公示语翻译现状；汉英公示语翻译中应注意的问题；汉英公示语翻译对译者的要求；常用汉语公示语英译质量保障措施。
关键词：公示语；译文；问题；对策
中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：
1000-873X(2005)06-0043-04
On English Translation of Public Signs in Chinese
Yang Quanhong
(Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China)
Abstract: The present paper discusses the following aspects of C-E translation
of public signs: existing problems；issues in the course of translating；
applicable principles of translation and special requirements for translators.
On the basis of the examination, the paper offers some suggestions to the
official agencies concerned for a better regulation of China’s public signs in
English.
Key words: public sign; China; translation; error; countermeasure
·实用文体翻译·
试论法律逻辑对汉语法律条文英译的影响
刘会春
（广州大学外国语学院，广东 广州 510405）
摘 要：翻译是一种语言的转换活动。在语言的转换过程中，不仅涉及到语言，还关系到逻辑。法律与逻辑密不可分，法律离不开逻辑，逻辑也大量地存在于法律之中。本文通过对汉语法律文本的假定逻辑、道义逻辑和形式逻辑的分析，提出了三种逻辑结构的情况下汉语法律条文的翻译方法。
关键词：法律逻辑，汉语法律条文，英译
中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：
1000-873X(2005)06-0049-04
Influence of Legal Logic on English Translation of the Articles of Chinese Law
Liu Huichun
( School of Foreign Languages, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510405, China)
Abstract: Translation involves conversion of languages in which logic plays a
major role. Logic also informs the law to such an extent that law can well be
seen as a logical construct. Subjecting the presumptive logic, the deontic
logic and the formal logic embodied in the Chinese law to a close analysis,
this article explores the ways to retain the three logical structures in
question in English translation of the articles of Chinese law.
Key words: legal logic, articles of Chinese law, C-E translation
认知接受视域与营销案本翻译范式研究
包通法*，孙玲
（江南大学外国语学院，江苏 无锡214036）
摘 要：目的论译观观照下的营销案本跨文化翻译和传播不再是一个纯语言的转换过程，而是译出语与译入语国家文化审美观、价值观的传播，交流与接受的碰撞。由于文化相异性的客观存在，相关的两国受众对营销案本的认知域或认知维度差异性必须加于关注。从营销案本受众的文化与语言认知域的视角入手厘定受众的认知维度，本文试图提供一个具有理性，诗性与目的论认知层面相融的营销案本翻译的应用范式，突破译出语和译人语语理和语性的樊篱，使营销案本的译文可以造成受众的文化联想而引发共鸣，最终实现广而告之的商业营销价值这一终极关怀。
关键词：营销案本受众； 认知域 ；期待维度； 翻译范式 ；超文本关怀
中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：
1000-873X(2005)06-0053-05
A Cognitive Approach to the Translation of Marketing Writings
Bao Tongfa & Sun Ling
(School of Foreign Studies, Southern Yangtze University, Wuxi 214036, China)
Abstract: Seen in the light of the skopos theory, the trans-cultural
translation and dissemination of marketing writings is less a matter of mere
linguistic transference than a clash among the differing purposes to
disseminate, export and uphold their own cultural and aesthetic values by the
source and the target language community respectively. The differences among
cultures would necessarily find expression in the differences in cognitive
modes and normative expectations between the source and the target audience.
Taking into consideration the target audience’s cultural and pragmatic
cognition as well as its scope of expectation and appraisal, this paper
proposes a mode of practical translation for marketing writings by drawing from
and blending the rational, the poetic and the skopos theoretical thinking. This
new model would help the target audience of marketing writings break from the
restricted scope of the traditional logico-grammatical sense and to form the
necessary cultural associations indispensable to these writings' ultimate goal
of achieving commercial efficiency .
Key words: marketing writing; receiver; cognitive domain；scope of
expectations; translation mode; theoretical; practical; text
·翻译教学·
论口译教学训练评估
蔡小红
（广东外语外贸大学，广东 广州 510420）
摘 要：教学评估必须回应教学目标的诉求，设计完整科学的口译训练评估体系，必须依据各个教学环节的清晰指引。鉴于训练过程的教学性质和阶段渐进性质，评估不仅要测量质量标准的实现程度，更要分析学生的翻译能力。在整个课程中，训练评估不仅担负阶段承接的作用，也要起调节训练节奏、方向，掌握训练进度的监控作用。完整的评估体系是由一系列评测考核构建起来的，分别以前瞻性和回顾性评估、持续性和挑选性评估、课上和课下评估、校内评估和学校与职业机构的合作评估等形式构成了训练链条中不可或缺的衔接点。通过它们，教师可从中掌握训练进度，获知教学效果；学生亦可清楚自己训练达标的情况，进步的幅度和存在的问题。
本文拟从口译教学训练评估的目的、类型，乃至训练各阶段的评估方法和手段，逐一进行详细分析，以求提出一套比较完整，且便于操作的口译训练评估体系。
关键词：教学评估；前瞻性；回顾性；持续性；挑选性
中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：
1000-873X(2005)06-0058-04
On the Teaching Evaluation of Training Programs for Interpreters
Cai Xiaohong
（Guangdong University of Foreign Studies，Guangzhou 510420, China）
Abstract: This essay gives a detailed analysis of how teaching is evaluated in
a typical training program for interpreters in terms of the goal, the
categorization, and the periodical assessments of the training. Proceeding from
the basic assumption that the evaluation in question should be in line with the
overall goal of the program, the paper argues that (1) the design of a complete
and scientific evaluation system must be guided by the real situation of the
teaching; (2) primarily conducted through classroom teaching, the training
itself should bear the feature of progressive growth; (3) the criterion of the
evaluation shall not only be feasible, but also capable of determining the
actual interpreting capability of students; (4) in application, the evaluation
shall be a link connecting different stages of the training, and a moderator of
its pace and direction; (5) a complete evaluation system shall consist of a
series of assessments, which can be further broken down into sub-assessments at
different levels for various purposes. Through a meticulously constituted
system like this, teachers can learn the effect of the teaching and modify the
schedule accordingly. And the students can also tell the level of performance
they have attained, the scope of progress they are making, and the problems
they are still facing by themselves.
Key words: teaching evaluation; summative; formative
·翻译资格考试·
谈口译资格认证考试的规范化设计
黄敏
（湖北大学外国语学院，湖北 武汉 430062）
摘 要：国内目前存在人事部、教育部、上海和厦门大学等四家机构组织的较大规模的口译资格认证考试，它们在测试内容、测试材料的选择、测试程序的组织以及质量评估标准等方面都存在较大的差异。本文结合口译的本质特点，运用测试学的相关原理，借鉴现有四种认证考试的经验，在测试内容、题型设计、材料选择以及大规模半直接型录音考试的操作等方面尝试提出一套规范化地组织和实施口译资格认证考试的建议。
关键词：口译；资格认证；考试
中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：
1000-873X(2005)06-0062-04
Toward a More Standardized Large-scale Accreditation Test for Interpreters
Huang Min
（Faculty of Foreign Studies，Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China）
Abstract: Four relatively large-scale accreditation tests for interpreters are
currently given in China. Organized respectively by the Ministry of Personnel,
the Ministry of Education, Xiamen University and the municipality of Shanghai,
these tests differ from each other in many ways. This paper applies the
principles of relevant testing theories to a critical reexamination of the four
existing test formats. Taking the unique characteristics of interpretation into
account, it makes a series of proposals for designing a more standardized and
better regularized test of this kind, covering such aspects as the testing
content, the testing structure, the choice of testing materials, and the
organization of the large-scale semi-direct recording test.
Key words: interpretation; accreditation; testing
·词语译评·
穷究词义为了跨文化的沟通
—论西方哲学核心词汇“óν(on)”的中译问题
张弛
(广东外语外贸大学 外国文学文化研究中心, 广东 广州 510420)
摘 要：在对西方思想的汉语译介中，对其关键词之一“óν(on)”的不准确理解和翻译，屏蔽了其真意和深意。我们引证西方哲学家，来对于这一术语的意思做出尽可能清楚的解释。西方学者在译介中国思想时，选择了音译而不是勉强地给出意译。我们建议以现代汉语的系动词“是”来翻译既是系动词又是西方哲学核心词汇的“óν(on)”。这种陌生化的处理方式既可保全外来思想术语的真意和深意，又可为本土文化创造一种新的思想方式和路径。
关键词：翻译；文化；是；语言；存在
中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：
1000-873X(2005)06-0069-07
How to Turn“óν (on)”into Chinese without Distorting Its Signification in
the Source Discourse
Zhang Chi
(Centre for the Studies of the Foreign Literature & Culture,
Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420, China)
Abstract: A mistranslation of“óν (on),”a key term in Western philosophy,
has resulted in the misunderstanding of its true and deep signification by the
Chinese readers. To deal with this problem, we first offer an explication of
this term in reference to its interpretations by Western philosophers. The
discussion then leads us to propose that shi, a linking verb in modern Chinese,
be used as the equivalent for“óν (on).”Not only will this translation
minimize the loss or distortion of the key term’s meaning in Western
philosophical discourse, it is also likely to introduce a new mode of thinking
into the Chinese culture.
Key words: translation; culture; language; on; existence
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