杜丹德(Daniel J.Dudek)

杜丹德博士是美国环保协会首席经济学家。美国环保协会（Environmental Defense）是著名的历史最悠久的非政府非赢利性环保组织，目前拥有50多万名会员。美国环保协会成立于1967年，致力于综合运用经济、科学与法律手段创新思路，为解决人类社会最迫切的问题提出创新的、公平的、成本有效的方案。杜丹德博士2002年起担任美国环保协会首席经济学家。在加盟美国环保协会之前，他曾在美国农业部、麻萨诸塞州大学工作。

杜丹德博士关注的基本点是通过在局部或全球范围内建立减少污染排放的市场机制，来达到控制跨界污染的目的。作为美国前总统布什的环保顾问（1989-1992），杜丹德博士领导的一个工作小组提出利用市场机制来解决美国的酸雨问题，对此前总统布什给予很高评价，认为这一提议打破了僵局。杜丹德博士同时参与了其它的项目：他开创了首例涉及二氧化硫和二氧化碳的不同污染物之间的交易；在波兰进行了当地第一例排污交易；协助开展第一例涉及期权的的国际间温室气体的交易；并和英国石油公司 （BP）合作设计了第一个公司内部的温室气体交易系统。

自1996年始杜丹德博士作为美国环保协会国际项目负责人在中国开展二氧化硫排污交易的工作，并取得了令人瞩目的进展。美国环保协会与中国国家环保局一起，通过在7省市的试点工作在中国建立和推行排污权交易制度，以期更好地保护环境。除此之外，美国环保协会还与全国人大、国家发展与改革委员会、科技部、国务院发展研究中心、中国环境与发展合作委员会，地方政府等机构开展了广泛的合作。

由于杜丹德博士对中国环保事业的突出贡献，2004年他获得了由中国政府颁发的授予外国友人的最高奖项：国家友谊奖，并在不同场合受到党和国家领导人的亲切接见。2007年六月，杜丹德先生被中国政府任命为中国环境与可持续发展领域的最高咨询机构：中国环境与发展合作委员会的23名外方委员之一，将在今后五年中更直接更好地为中国政府献计献策。

杜丹德博士曾在而且目前还担任多个国家的公共及私人机构的顾问之职。这包括，OCED、波兰环境部，联合国贸易与发展会议，布达偑斯区域环境中心，美国联邦环保局，芝加哥贸易委员会，能源顾问委员会，英国石油，麻省理工学院，中国国家环保局等等。

他于1972年马萨诸塞大学获学士学位，1975年获加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校农业经济学硕士，1979年获加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校获得经济学博士学位。

Dr. Daniel Dudek is the Chief Economist of Environmental Defense, a leading national nonprofit organization representing more than 500,000 members. Since 1967, Environmental Defense has linked science, economics and law to create innovative, equitable and cost-effective solutions to society's most urgent environmental problems. Dr. Dudek became the chief economist of Environmental Defense in 2002. Previously he worked at Department of Agriculture and University of Massachusetts.

Dr. Dudek specializes in the reduction and control of atmospheric pollutants through the use of markets to control emissions from stationary and mobile sources. The Environmental Defense team led by him was credited by President George H.W. Bush in 1990 with developing an environmentally sound, market-based approach to halve emissions of pollutants contributing to acid rain. He was also involved in the creation of tradable production entitlements for chlorofluorocarbons for compliance with the Montreal Protocol, a U.S. EPA-approved mobile-stationary source trading program for hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide reductions in non attainment areas, the volatile organic material trading program in Illinois, the regional nitrogen oxides trading market in the eastern U.S., and the evolving greenhouse gas (GHG) market. He brokered the first inter-pollutant trade which involved sulfur dioxide (SO2) and carbon dioxide, developed the first emission trade in Poland, and facilitated the first international GHG trade involving options, partnered with BP to develop their internal greenhouse gas trading system.

Since 1996, Dr. Dudek began developing SO2 emissions trading in China. Partnering with China government departments, he led the team of Environmental Defense China Program to pilot the SO2 emission trading system in 7 provinces and one power group. Environmental Defense China Program’s partners include State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA), National People’s Congress (NPC), National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), Development and Research Center of the State Council, China Council for International Cooperation on Environment and Development (CCICED) and many local governments.

Because of his great contribution to China, he was awarded the National Friendship Award, the greatest honor granted by China government to foreigners in 2004. In 2007, Dr. Dudek was appointed as one of the 23 council members of CCICED, the superior advisory body to the Chinese government on environment and sustainable development issues.

He has advised various public and private institutions including Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development; Ministry of Environment, Poland; United Nations Conference on Trade and Development; Regional Environment Center, Budapest; Acid Rain Advisory Committee and Clean Air Act Compliance Committee, US Environmental Protection Agency; Chicago Board of Trade; Secretary of Energy Advisory Board; British Petroleum; and Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

He received his B.S., summa cum laude, from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst in 1973. In 1975, he received his M.S. in agricultural economics from the University of California, Davis. He was awarded his Ph.D. in agricultural economics from the University of California, Davis in 1979.