国务院政策例行吹风会材料

 

关于实施“互联网+”智慧能源行动

背景材料

2016624

国家能源局

 

一、实施“互联网+”智慧能源行动的背景及意义

“互联网+”智慧能源是一种互联网与能源生产、传输、存储、消费以及能源市场深度融合的能源产业发展新形态,具有设备智能、多能协同、信息对称、供需分散、系统扁平、交易开放等主要特征。我国能源和信息行业普遍将这种能源产业发展新形态称为“能源互联网”。

国务院高度重视以能源互联网为代表的能源产业创新发展,李克强总理多次强调,能源供应和安全关系我国经济社会发展全局,要推进“互联网+”,推动互联网与能源行业深度融合,促进智慧能源发展,提高能源绿色、低碳、智能发展水平,走出一条清洁、高效、安全、可持续的能源发展之路,为经济社会持续健康发展提供支撑。《国务院关于积极推进“互联网+”行动的指导意见》(国发〔201540号)提出,大力开展“互联网+”智慧能源行动,通过互联网促进能源系统管理扁平化,推进能源生产与消费模式革命,促进能源利用结构优化。

能源互联网将为能源产业发展带来重要机遇,主要表现为:一是将极大地促进清洁、低碳能源发展,特别是分布式可再生能源发展。二是对推进能源技术装备智能化意义重大,是能源领域落实中国制造2025的重要抓手,是中国技术标准“走出去”的有利方向。三是能源互联网相关试点示范项目将为能源体制改革提供重要突破点和试验田。

二、我国发展能源互联网的总体思路

我国发展能源互联网的总体思路主要为:一是基础开放,大众参与。发挥互联网在变革能源产业中的基础作用,推动能源基础设施合理开放,促进能源生产与消费融合,提升大众参与程度,加快形成以开放、共享为主要特征的能源产业发展新形态。二是探索创新,示范先行。遵循“互联网+”应用发展规律,营造开放包容的创新环境,鼓励多元化的技术、机制及模式创新,因地制宜推进能源互联网新技术与新模式先行先试,形成万众创新良好氛围。三是市场驱动,科学监管。发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用,驱动形成能源互联网发展新业态。适应新业态及大数据应用发展要求,完善能源与信息深度融合下的安全监管和市场监管机制,保障信息安全和市场参与者的合法权益。四是深化改革,推动革命。适应能源互联网“三分技术、七分改革”的发展要求,深化能源体制机制改革,还原能源商品属性,构建有效竞争的市场结构和市场体系,推动能源消费、供给和技术革命。

三、我国能源互联网发展的阶段性目标

能源互联网是一种能源产业发展新形态,相关技术、模式及业态均处于探索发展阶段。为促进能源互联网健康有序发展,计划近中期分为两个阶段推进,先期开展试点示范,后续进行推广应用,确保取得实效。

20162018年,重点推进能源互联网试点示范工作:建成一批不同类型、不同规模的试点示范项目。攻克一批重大关键技术与核心装备,能源互联网技术达到国际先进水平。初步建立能源互联网市场机制和市场体系。初步建成能源互联网技术标准体系,形成一批重点技术规范和标准。催生一批能源金融、第三方综合能源服务等新兴业态。培育一批有竞争力的新兴市场主体。探索一批可持续、可推广的发展模式。积累一批重要的改革试点经验。

20192025年,着力推进能源互联网多元化、规模化发展:初步建成能源互联网产业体系,成为经济增长重要驱动力。建成较为完善的能源互联网市场机制和市场体系。形成较为完备的技术及标准体系并推动实现国际化,引领世界能源互联网发展。形成开放共享的能源互联网生态环境,能源综合效率明显改善,可再生能源比重显著提高,化石能源清洁高效利用取得积极进展,大众参与程度大幅提升,有力支撑能源生产和消费革命。

四、我国能源互联网发展的重点任务

(一)能源基础设施智能化改造。如,发展智慧煤矿、智能风电场、智能光伏电站等智能化能源生产消费设施,以及基于互联网的智慧运行云平台,实现远程控制优化,提升运行效率和效益。

(二)建设多能协同综合能源微网。在大型建筑、园区、岛屿、城镇等不同规模范围内,特别是新建区,建设以智能电网为基础,与热力管网、天然气管网、交通网络等多种类型网络互联互通,多种能源协同转化的综合能源微网,提升能源系统整体效率与效益。

(三)推动能源与信息基础设施深度融合。对电网、气网、热网等能源网络及其信息架构、存储单元等基础设施进行协同建设,推进信息系统与能源系统在量测、计算、控制等环节上的高效集成,规范组网结构和信息接口,促进水、气、热、电的远程自动集采集抄,实现多表合一。

(四)培育开放共享的市场体系。支持个人、家庭、分布式能源等小微用户基于互联网平台实现灵活对等的能源共享和交易。培育售电商、综合能源运营商等新型市场主体。基于互联网发展B2BB2CC2BC2CO2O等各类商业模式。

(五)发展用户侧智慧用能业务。通过发展智能家居、智能小区等终端设施,建立用户能效监测平台,提供个性化能效管理与节能服务,实现能源智能定制和灵活交易。

(六)分布式可再生能源电子商务业务。发展分布式可再生能源电子商务业务,支持风电、光伏等分布式可再生能源生产商与用户之间进行点对点直接交易、实时补贴结算。

(七)发展储能和电动汽车互联网运营业务。建设分布式储能设备云平台和电动汽车运营云平台,发展基于储能的紧急备用、调峰调频等增值服务,发展电动汽车智能充放电业务,参与能源交易和需求响应。

(八)发展能源大数据应用服务。拓展能源大数据的采集范围,逐步覆盖电、煤、油、气等能源领域及气象、经济、交通等其他领域。促进基于能源大数据的创新创业,开展面向能源生产、流通、消费等环节的新业务应用与增值服务。

(九)突破关键核心技术装备。加快能源互联网系统规划、需求侧响应互动、储能应用管理等核心技术攻关,尽快突破多能源协同控制、信息物理融合、能源路由器等技术装备瓶颈。

(十)建立技术标准体系。建立统一、规范、开放的技术标准体系,优先制定通用标准、跨行业公用标准,将关键标准积极推介成为国际标准。

五、我国现阶段推动能源互联网建设的主要政策措施

(一)建立协调机制。在“互联网+”行动实施部际联席会议机制下,国家能源局会同有关部门设立“互联网+”智慧能源专项协调机制,统筹协调解决重大问题,切实推动行动的贯彻落实。

(二)加大有效投资。将能源互联网纳入重大工程包,加大中央、地方预算内资金投入力度,引导更多社会资本进入,分步骤组织实施能源互联网重大示范工程。

(三)推动市场改革。建立健全能源市场的准入制度,鼓励第三方资本、小微型企业等新兴市场主体参与市场,促进各类所有制企业的平等、协同发展。加快电力、油气行业市场体系建设,建立市场化交易机制和价格形成机制。

(四)开展试点示范。鼓励具备条件的地区、部门和企业,因地、因业制宜地开展各类能源互联网应用试点示范。搭建跟踪监测和协调服务平台,建立专家咨询服务指导机制,及时评价和总结发展效果。

(五)推进数据共享实施能源领域的国家大数据战略,实现多领域能源大数据的集成融合、共享共用和交易服务,鼓励互联网企业与能源企业合作,促进能源互联网的应用创新,依法依规加强能源大数据的安全监管。

(六)支持技术创新。设立能源互联网产业创新联盟,支持建设能源互联网技术创新平台,推动产学研用无缝对接,将能源互联网关键技术作为国家科技计划专项的重点支持领域。


 


Background Material for the Action Plan of Internet Plus Smart Energy

 

National Energy Administration

(June 24, 2016)

 

1. Background and Importance of the Action of Internet Plus Smart Energy

Internet Plus Smart Energy is a new form of energy industry with deep fusion of the Internet and energy production, transmission, storage, consumption and market. Its main characteristics include equipment being smart, multiple energy types being synergy, information being symmetric, supply and demand being distributed, system being flat, and transactions being open. This new form of energy industry is commonly called the Energy Internet in the energy and information industries in China.

The State Council takes great importance of innovative development of energy industry represented by the Energy Internet. Premier Li Keqiang has emphasized many times that the energy supply and security matter to Chinas economic and society development, promote Internet Plus, bring deep fusion of the Internet and the energy industry, advance smart energy development, increase level of green, low carbon and smartness of energy, proceed a path of clean, highly efficient, secure and sustainable development of energy, and support sustainable and healthy development of economy and society. The Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Actively Promoting the Action of Internet Plus’” (Guo Fa [2015] No. 40) states that vigorously carry out actions of Internet Plus Smart Energy, advance flatness of energy system management through the Internet, promote energy production and consumption revolutions, and promote optimization of energy utilization structure.

The Energy Internet will bring significant opportunities to the energy industry, mainly as follows: Firstly, it will boost the development of clean and low carbon energy especially distributed renewable energy. Secondly, it is crucial for the advancement of smart energy technologies and equipment, is important to implement Made in China 2025 in the energy sector, and is a favorable direction of Going out of Chinas technology standards. Thirdly, pilot and demonstration projects of the Energy Internet will provide important breakthrough points and test fields for the energy system reform.

2. General Ideas of Chinas Energy Internet Development

The general ideas of Chinas Energy Internet development are:

Firstly, infrastructure openness and public participation. Exert the fundamental role of the Internet in the energy industry reforming. Promote the rational opening of energy infrastructure. Accelerate the fusion of energy production and consumption. Enhance the public participation level. Accelerate the formation of an open and shared new form of the energy industry.

Secondly, exploration and innovation, and demonstration first. Follow the law of application and development of Internet Plus. Create an open and inclusive innovation environment. Encourage diversified innovation of technologies, mechanisms and business models. Promote pilots and demonstrations of new technologies and business models of the Energy Internet according to local conditions. Form welcome atmosphere of masses innovation.

Thirdly, market driven and scientific supervision. Exert the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, and drive to a new ecosystem of the Energy Internet. Adapting to the new ecosystem and the development requirement of big data applications, improve the supervision mechanisms of safety and market under the condition of deep fusion of energy and information, and safeguard information security and legitimate rights of market participants.

Fourthly, deepen reform and promote revolution. Adapt to the development requirement of the Energy Internet that technology contributes thirty percent whereas reform contributes seventy percent. Deepen the energy reform of system and mechanisms. Restore the commodity attribute of energy. Build effectively competitive market structures and market systems. Promote energy consumption, supply and technology revolutions.

3. Milestones of Chinas Energy Internet Development

The Energy Internet is a new form of energy industry, and related technologies, business models and ecosystems are at an exploratory development stage. In order to ensure healthy and orderly development of the Energy Internet, two stages are planned in short- and mid-terms. i.e. launch pilots and demonstrations firstly and launch generalization and application afterwards, so as to ensure substantial results.

From 2016 to 2018, promote pilots and demonstrations of the Energy Internet: Build a batch of pilot and demonstration projects with different types and sizes. Make breakthroughs in a batch of key technologies and core equipment, and the Energy Internet technologies achieve to the international advanced level. Establish preliminary market mechanisms and systems of the Energy Internet. Build a preliminary technology standard system of the Energy Internet, and establish a batch of key technology specifications and standards. Incubate a batch of business models such as energy finance, third-party energy services, etc. Cultivate a batch of competitive emerging market players. Explore a batch of sustainable and replicable development models. Accumulate a batch of important experiences in reform pilots.

From 2019 to 2025, promote diverse and scale development of the Energy Internet: Establish a preliminary industrial system of the Energy Internet, which becomes an important driving force for economic growth. Build relatively complete market mechanisms and systems of the Energy Internet. Form a relatively integral system of technologies and standards, and promote its internationalization, so as to lead the Energy Internet development in the world. Form an open and shared ecosystem of the Energy Internet. The comprehensive efficiency of energy improves remarkably. The renewable energy penetration increases significantly.  The clean and efficient utilization of fossil fuel energy makes active progress. The public participation level increases remarkably. Strongly support the energy production and consumption revolutions.

4. Key Tasks of Chinas Energy Internet Development

1) Make energy infrastructure smart. For example, develop smart energy production and consumption facilities including smart coal mines, smart wind farms, smart PV stations, etc. as well as Internet-based smart operation cloud platforms, so as to realize remote control optimization and improve operation efficiency and benefit.

2) Construct synergic multi-energy microgrids. In different size areas including large buildings, parks, islands, towns, etc. especially new districts, construct synergic multi-energy microgrids that are based on smart electric grid, interconnected with supply grids of heat and gas, and traffic network, so as to improve overall efficiency and benefit of the energy system.

3) Promote deep fusion of energy and information infrastructure. Coordinate the construction of energy grids including electric, gas, etc. and their information infrastructure including information architecture, storage unit, etc. Advance high efficient integration of information system and energy system in measurement, computation, control, etc. Standardize network structure and information interface. Promote remote automatic collection and reading of water, gas, heat and electricity, and all-in-one meters.

4) Incubate open and shared market system. Support small and micro users such as individuals, families, distributed energy resources to share and trade energy flexibly and equally through Internet platforms. Cultivate emerging market players such as electric retailers, integrated energy operators, etc. Develop business models including B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C and O2O based on the Internet.

5) Develop smart energy usage. Through development of terminal facilities including smart homes, smart districts, etc., build user energy efficiency monitor platform, provide personalized energy efficiency management and energy saving service, and realize smart customization and flexible transaction of energy.

6) E-commerce of distributed renewable energy. Develop e-commerce of distributed renewable energy. Support distributed renewable energy providers including wind, solar, etc. to perform p2p direct transaction with users and settle subsidy in real time.

7) Develop Internet-based operation of energy storage and electric vehicle. Build cloud platforms of distributed energy storage equipment and cloud platforms of electric vehicle operation. Develop value-added services based on energy storages such as emergency backup, peak shaving, and frequency regulation. Develop smart charge/discharge business of electric vehicles, and participate energy transaction and demand response.

8) Develop energy big data application services. Extend collection scope of energy big data, and gradually cover the energy sector including electric, coal, oil, gas, etc. as well as other sectors including meteorology, economy, transportation, etc. Promote innovation and entrepreneurship based on energy big data, and develop new business applications and value-added services facing the energy value chain including energy production, transportation, consumption, etc.

9) Breakthrough key technologies and equipment. Accelerate research and development of core technologies including the Energy Internet system planning, the demand side response and interaction, the energy storage application management, etc. Breakthrough as quickly as possible technology and equipment bottlenecks on the multi-energy coordinated control, the cyber-physical fusion, the energy router, etc.

10) Build a technology standard system. Build a unified, standardized and open technology standard system. Take precedence to form general standards, cross industry common standards. Actively promote key standards to become international standards.

5. Main Policy Measures to Promote the Construction of the Energy Internet at Current Stage in China

1) Establish coordination mechanism. In the mechanism of ministerial joint meeting for the Internet Plus action, the National Energy Administration cooperates with relevant departments to establish special coordination mechanism of Internet Plus Smart Energy, to coordinate and solve major issues, and push forward the implementation of the action effectively.

2) Increase effective investment. Involve the Energy Internet into the major project package. Increase the investment from both national and local budgets. Guide more non-governmental capitals to participate. Organize the implementation of major demonstration projects of the Energy Internet step by step.

3) Promote market reform. Establish and improve the energy market access system. Encourage third-party capitals, small and micro businesses and other emerging market players to participate in the market. Promote all types of enterprises to develop equally and collaboratively. Accelerate the construction of market system of the electric, oil and gas industries. Establish market-oriented mechanisms for both trading and pricing.

4) Launch pilots and demonstrations. Encourage all qualified areas, departments and enterprises to develop and implement different types of pilots and demonstrations according to their regional and business needs. Build a platform for tracking, monitoring and coordinating service. Establish mechanisms for expert consulting and advising services. Evaluate and summarize the development effectiveness in time.

5) Promote Data Sharing. Carry out national big data strategy in the energy sector. Achieve integrated fusion, sharing and trading services of the energy big data from multiple sectors. Encourage cooperation of Internet companies and energy companies. Promote application innovation of the Energy Internet. Strengthen the safety supervision of energy big data in accordance with laws and regulations.

6) Support Technology Innovation. Establish an Energy Internet industry and innovation alliance. Support the construction of Energy Internet technology innovation platform. Promote the seamless integration of industries, universities, research institutes, and users. Include the key technologies of the Energy Internet as the National Science and Technology Program in the specially supported areas.