<Article>背景材料：促进加工贸易创新发展推动海关特殊监管区域整合优化</Article>

国新办新闻发布会材料

促进加工贸易创新发展

推动海关特殊监管区域整合优化

（2016年10月20日）

海关总署

今年是我国全面建成小康社会决胜阶段的开局之年，也是推进供给侧结构性改革的攻坚之年。在党中央、国务院的正确领导下，全国各条战线都取得了很好的成绩，海关系统也一样。当前，我国经济运行总体平稳、稳中有进、稳中提质、好于预期。昨天，国家统计局公布了前三季度一些经济指标（GDP 529971亿元，同比增长6.7%），令人鼓舞。与此同时，我们也要看到面临的新情况、新问题。比如，我国外贸特别是加工贸易正面临挑战和新的不确定因素。据海关统计，今年1-9月，我国进出口总值17.53万亿元人民币，同比下降1.9%。同期加工贸易进出口5.16万亿元，同比下降7%，占我国外贸总值的29.4%。海关特殊监管区域作为加工贸易的重要载体，今年1-9月实现进出口2.78万亿元，同比略降0.4%。但值得关注的是，今年第三季度我国外贸进出口、出口和进口分别增长1.1%、0.4%和2.1%，出现了回稳向好的迹象。分析其主要原因，一是党中央、国务院出台的一系列稳增长、调结构、惠民生的政策措施成效逐步显现，国内需求增加，前三季度我国实际进口货物数量同比增加3.2%，去年全年则为减少1.8%；二是进口商品价格跌幅收窄提高了进口总值，前三季度我国月度进口价格下跌5.3%，较去年全年收窄6.3个百分点；三是外需转暖也带动了出口增长，8月份美国咨商会公布的消费者信心指数为101.1，为去年9月以来的最优表现。

加工贸易是我国开放型经济的重要组成部分，党中央、国务院高度重视加工贸易和海关特殊监管区域的发展。近年来，国务院先后印发了《关于促进海关特殊监管区域科学发展的指导意见》、《加快海关特殊监管区域整合优化方案》、《关于促进加工贸易创新发展的若干意见》、《国务院关于促进外贸回稳向好的若干措施》。海关总署坚决贯彻落实中央决策部署，以推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务为抓手，推动各项政策措施和创新制度落地见效。

一、促进加工贸易转型升级

一是深入推进简政放权。把“放管服”改革作为转变海关职能实现方式的“先手棋”，先后取消加工贸易备案等8项行政许可事项，加快建立权责清单，推动加工贸易行政审批制度改革，如，上个月起，配合商务部门在全国范围内取消加工贸易合同审批和内销审批。通过这些举措，有效激发了市场活力。“十二五”期间，我国加工贸易进出口总额累计6.67万亿美元，占同期外贸进出口总额的33.4%。

二是引导产业链向高端延伸。通过创新保税加工、保税物流、保税服务等加工贸易保税监管模式，支持战略性新兴产业和新型贸易业态发展。比如，今年前三季度，全国跨境电子商务网购保税进口1.12亿票，进口总额达173.1亿元，为消费者提供质优价廉配送快的新选择。

三是促进产业结构不断优化。积极落实供给侧结构性改革部署，联合有关部门调整加工贸易禁止类目录近2000项，淘汰“两高一资”落后产能。今年前三季度，加工贸易高新技术产品进出口2.66万亿元，占加工贸易进出口总值的51.6%。加工贸易增值率由1996年的35%上升为2015年的80%。

四是推动加工贸易向中西部转移。积极推动加工贸易向内陆和沿边地区44个重点承接地梯度转移，2016年前三季度，中、西部地区加工贸易进出口同比增长0.8%，占全国的比重从2010年的4.4%上升到15.4%，提高11个百分点。

二、推动海关特殊监管区域整合优化

一是服务国家战略。海关总署紧紧围绕“一带一路”、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带等国家发展战略要求，不断优化海关特殊监管区域布局。截至目前，在“一带一路”、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带相关省市共设立特殊监管区域116个，占全国总数的89.9%。同时，新设特殊监管区域向中西部地区和东北地区倾斜，2015年以来，中西部及东北地区新设特殊监管区域7个，占新设总数的63.6%。

二是拓展区域功能。积极探索赋予区内企业增值税一般纳税人资格、内销货物选择性征收关税、货物按状态分类监管等试点，创造有利于区内企业对接国内市场，延伸产业链价值链，培育外贸竞争新优势的发展环境。

三是促进新型业态发展。积极支持保税展示交易、融资租赁等新型贸易业态发展，引导特殊监管区域向高端制造、物流、研发、维修、销售、结算等方向转型，形成新的外贸增长点。

四是注重发展质量。2010年，海关总署提请国务院对1个特殊监管区域摘牌；2012年，对7个特殊监管区域实施整改；2015年以来，又先后对土地利用率不达标的41个特殊监管区域进行通报整改，引导区域从量的增长向质的提升转变。

三、支持自贸试验区改革创新

一是创新海关监管制度。主动对标高标准国际经贸规则，先后推出了一批给企业带来实惠和便利的海关监管创新制度。比如“先入区，后报关”、“区内自行运输”、“智能化卡口验放”、“集中汇总征税”、“AEO互认”等共187项。据上海美国商会发布的《贸易环境满意度调查报告》显示， “先入区后报关”创新制度企业认可度达87.8%。前不久，中央决定在辽宁等省市新设7个自贸试验区，海关正按照“围绕定位、注重特色，创新引领、分类施策，先行先试、复制推广”的原则，研究制定海关支持措施。

二是加大复制推广力度。2014年以来，先后在全国海关复制推广了自贸试验区25项海关监管创新制度。

三是推进“放管服”改革。转变监管理念，取消、下放、放开审批事权和限制，公布权力责任清单；全面推行“互联网+行政审批”、智能化卡口、通关无纸化等便利措施；实施“海关AEO国际互认、企业信用信息公开”等制度，逐步建立企业自律、多方共管的新型监管模式，努力营造法治化、国际化、便利化营商环境。

(Chinese version shall prevail)

Promote Innovative Growth of Processing Trade and Upgrade Customs Special Control Areas

General Administration of Customs

October 20, 2016

This year opens the critical stage for achieving the goal of building a well-off society. It is also a year when we press ahead with the arduous task of supply-side structural reform. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, notable progress has been made in all fields, including in the work of Customs. China’s economy is now experiencing steady and sound growth, outperforming previous expectations, The National Bureau of Statistics announced China’s encouraging economic performance for the first three quarters of this year (GDP at USD 52.9971 trillion, up by 6.7% year-on-year). Yet we should not overlook the emerging issues, for example, challenges and new uncertainties facing China’s foreign trade and processing trade in particular. Customs statistics show that in the first nine months of this year, China’s import and export were registered at 17.53 trillion yuan, a decrease of 1.9% year-on-year. Over the same period, inward and outward processing trade reached 5.16 trillion yuan, down by 7% compared to the previous year and accounting for 29.4% of the country’s foreign trade. As an important platform for processing trade, customs special control areas have witnessed 2.78 trillion yuan worth of cross-border goods in the first 9 months, a minor decline of 0.4%. It is worth mentioning that in the third quarter of this year, China’s total foreign trade, export and import have increased by 1.1%, 0.4% and 2.1%, respectively, showing signs of recovery, which can be attributed to the following. Firstly, policies and measures adopted by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in promoting steady growth, restructuring the economy and improving people’s livelihood have started to prove effective in driving domestic demand. As a result, the actual quantity of imported goods in the first three quarters increased by 3.2%, in contrast to a decrease of 1.8% last year. Secondly, narrowing of drop in import price has resulted in higher import value. In the first three quarters, China’s monthly import price decreased by 5.3%, 6.3 percentage points lower than the previous year. Thirdly, recovery of foreign demand has contributed to growth in export. According to the US Conference Board, the Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) reached 101.1 in August, the highest since September last year.

As processing trade is an important part of China’s open economy, promoting processing trade and improving customs special control areas has been among the priorities for the work of both the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. In recent years, the State Council has issued Guidelines on Promoting Sound Development of Customs Special Control Areas, Plan for Accelerating the Integration and Optimization of Customs Special Control Areas, Opinions on Advancing Innovative Growth of Processing Trade, and Measures for the Steady Recovery of Foreign Trade by the State Council. The General Administration of Customs will earnestly implement the decisions of the central government, continue to streamline administration, strike a balance between enabling and controlling, and further improve its services, so as to ensure effective implementation of the policies and innovative measures.

1. Transform and upgrade processing trade

Firstly, we have continued to streamline administration and delegate power to lower levels. Taking the reform aimed at delegating power, achieving effective administration and providing quality services as the first step to transform the way customs performs its duties, we have scrapped 8 items that needed administrative approval such as processing trade recordation, and have been pushing for creating the list of power and responsibilities. Starting from last month, businesses no longer need to have their processing trade contracts reviewed by Customs. Neither do they need an approval from Customs before selling processed goods to the domestic market. The reform is part of a broader initiative driven by the Chinese Ministry of Commerce. The measures have helped unleash market vitality. In the 12th Five-year Plan period, China’s processing trade stood at USD 6.67 trillion, accounting for 33.4% of China’s total value of foreign trade.

Secondly, we are helping China’s processing trade further move up the value chain. By introducing new supervision and control models over processing, logistics and the service sector, we are playing our part in boosting the growth of emerging industries with strategic importance and new trade types. For example, in the first three quarters of this year, 112 million shipments of online-purchased goods were imported under bonded operation, with a total value of 17.31 billion yuan, giving customers access to fast-delivered quality goods at a reasonable price.

Thirdly, we are working to optimize the industrial structure. We have worked with related authorities in making adjustments to nearly 2000 items on the processing trade negative list to phase out high energy-consuming, highly polluting and resources-dependent industries. The first three quarters have seen processing trade of high and new tech products reach 2.66 trillion yuan, which accounts for 51.6% of the total processing trade volume. The value-added ratio of processing trade has surged from 35% in 1996 to 80% in 2015.

Finally, we are facilitating the transfer of processing trade to central and western China, in particular, 44 locations in the inland and border frontier areas. Statistics show that in the first nine months of 2016, processing trade in central and western China increased by 0.8% over the same period last year, and its share in the national total rose from 4.4% in 2010 to 15.4%.

2. Integrate and optimize the geographic deployment of customs special control areas

Firstly, we work to contribute to the implementation of national strategies. We are optimizing geographical deployment of special control areas to meet the needs of national strategies including the Belt and Road initiative, synergetic development of Beijing, Tianjin municipalities and Hebei province, as well as building the Yangtze River economic belt. So far, 116 special control areas have been set up in provinces and cities key to the strategies, accounting for 89.9% of the country’s total. Meanwhile, more newly-built areas are in the central, western and northeastern regions. Since 2015, seven new special control areas have been set up in these regions, which accounts for 63.6% of the total number of newly-established areas.

Secondly, we have expanded the functions of special control areas. We play an active role in developing new pilot services, such as to grant businesses in the areas the VAT general taxpayer status, to allow businesses in the areas to decide if their domestically-sold processed goods are to be taken as raw material, semi-finished products or finished products when duty is levied, and to exercise differentiated controls over goods by type, i.e. goods in bond or non-bonded goods, so as to give businesses in the areas a better access to domestic market, help them move up the value chain and foster an enabling environment for businesses to grow increasingly competitive in foreign trade.

Thirdly, we support the growth of new forms of trade, including display and trading of goods in bond, and financial leasing. We guide the special control areas to upgrade their functions to include high-end manufacturing, logistics, research and development, maintenance, sales and settlement, so as to create new growth impetus in foreign trade.

Fourthly, we focus on the quality of development. In 2010, we submitted a proposal to the State Council to disqualify one customs special control area. In 2012, we took rectification measures in 7 special control areas. Since 2015, we have asked 41 special control areas to make rectification where the land use rate failed to meet the standard, shifting the focus of development of special customs control areas from quantity growth to quality improvement.

3. Support innovations in the reform of free trade pilot zones.

Firstly, we made innovations in customs supervision systems. Taking the initiative in aligning our measures with high standards of international economic and trade rules, we have introduced 187 innovative customs supervision measures which aim to deliver benefits and facilitation to businesses, including “entry first, declaration later”, “self-arranged transportation within the FTPZ”, “fast release at smart checkpoints”, “tariff payment after release” and “AEO mutual recognition”, among others. The China Business Climate Survey Report published by the American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai shows that the new measure of “entry first, declaration later” claims a satisfaction rate of 87.8% among businesses. Recently, the central government decided to set up 7 more free trade pilot zones (FTPZs) in Liaoning and other provinces. We are now developing customs measures to support the operations of the newly set-up FTPZs based on the principles of giving the FTPZs the right positioning, leveraging their distinctive features, fostering innovation-driven growth, accommodating different conditions, launching pilots to implement new measures and applying proven practices to the entire country.

Secondly, we have stepped up efforts in replicating the proven practices in places outside the FTPZ. Since 2014, we have introduced 25 innovative supervision measures adopted in the FTPZ to other customs supervision areas.

Thirdly, we are now working on measures to support the reforms of delegating power, streamlining administration and improving government services. A change in administration philosophy has been made, with administrative approval power removed or delegated to lower levels, restrictions lifted and the list of power and responsibilities put in place. Facilitative measures including “Internet plus administrative approval”, smart checkpoints and paperless clearance have been introduced. Schemes of AEO mutual recognition and the disclosure of business credit ratings have been adopted, in a bid to form a new model of customs control featuring business self-discipline and coordinated administration by multiple authorities, and strive to create an open, well-regulated and enabling business environment.