女士们、先生们，各位新闻界的朋友，大家上午好。去年年末中央召开了农村工作会议，这次会议是对实施乡村振兴战略谋篇布局的一次历史性会议，会议规格之高前所未有。习近平总书记在中央农村工作会议上发表了重要讲话，系统总结了党的十八大以来我国“三农”工作的历史性成就和变革，深刻阐述了实施乡村振兴战略、走中国特色社会主义乡村振兴道路的一系列重大的理论问题和实践问题。习近平总书记的重要讲话是新时代做好“三农”工作的根本遵循。过去14年，每年中央农村工作会议结束后不久，大约1个月的时间，都会正式公布指导“三农”工作的中央一号文件，今年也不例外。昨天立春，是24节气之首，也是一年农事活动的开端。经授权，新华社在这特殊的日子全文公布了2018年中央1号文件，即《中共中央国务院关于实施乡村振兴战略的意见》。一号文件的公布为亿万农民送来了政策的春风。现在我向大家作一个简要的介绍。
党的十九大提出实施乡村振兴战略，并写入党章，在我国“三农”发展进程中具有划时代的里程碑意义。实施乡村振兴战略，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央，着眼党和国家事业全局，顺应亿万农民对美好生活的期待，作出的重大决策部署，是决胜全面建成小康社会、全面建设社会主义现代化国家的重大历史任务，是新时代做好“三农”工作的新旗帜和总抓手。
2018年中央一号文件是改革开放以来第20个、进入新世纪以来连续下发的第15个中央一号文件。文件全面贯彻党的十九大精神，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，围绕实施乡村振兴战略定方向、定思路、定任务、定政策，坚持问题导向，对统筹推进农村经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设和党的建设作出全面部署。2018年中央一号文件向我们描绘了加快推进农业农村现代化，走中国特色社会主义乡村振兴道路的宏伟政策蓝图。
一是，明确了实施乡村振兴战略的总体要求和主要任务。中央一号文件将实施乡村振兴战略的总体要求和主要任务概括为“五个新”和“一个增强”，即以产业兴旺为重点，提升农业发展质量，培育乡村发展新动能；以生态宜居为关键，推进乡村绿色发展，打造人与自然和谐共生发展新格局；以乡风文明为保障，繁荣兴盛农村文化，焕发乡风文明新气象；以治理有效为基础，加强农村基层基础工作，构建乡村治理新体系；以生活富裕为根本，提高农村民生保障水平，塑造美丽乡村新风貌；以摆脱贫困为前提，打好精准脱贫攻坚战，增强贫困群众获得感。
二是，明确了实施乡村振兴战略的重大政策举措。文件提出，实施乡村振兴战略，要突出“四个强化”，即以完善农村产权制度和要素市场化配置为重点，强化制度性供给；畅通智力、技术、管理下乡通道，造就更多乡土人才，强化人才支撑；健全投入保障制度，开拓投融资渠道，强化投入保障；制定国家乡村战略规划，强化规划引领作用。
三是，要求把党管农村工作落到实处。文件提出，要发挥党的领导的政治优势，压实责任，完善机制，强化考核，把实施乡村振兴战略作为全党的共同意志、共同行动，做到认识统一、步调一致，把农业农村优先发展原则体现到各个方面，在干部配备上优先考虑，在要素配置上优先满足，在资金投入上优先保障，在公共服务上优先安排，确保党在农村工作中始终总揽全局、协调各方，为乡村振兴提供坚强有力的政治保障。
乡村振兴是党和国家的大战略，是一项长期的历史性任务，不是造一些典型或干几年就可以大功告成、收官交账的。乡村振兴讲究的是实干。必须真刀真枪地干、持之以恒地干，必须有真金白银的“硬投入”、有更加健全的政策“软环境”。实施乡村振兴战略， 我们有习近平总书记把舵定向，有党的领导的政治优势，有社会主义的制度优势，有亿万农民的创造精神，有强大的经济实力支撑，有历史悠久的农耕文明，也有旺盛的市场需求。
今年的中央一号文件确立起了乡村振兴战略的“四梁八柱”，可以说内容亮点多、政策突破点多、工作的重要抓手多。“四梁八柱”可以概括为“八个有”，即有国家战略规划引领、有党内法规保障、有日益健全的法治保障、有领导责任制保障、有一系列重要战略重大行动重大工程作支撑、有对农民关心的关键小事的部署安排、有全方位的制度性供给、也有对解决“钱从哪里来” 问题的全面谋划。我们坚信，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央的坚强领导下，只要我们充分调动亿万农民的积极性、主动性、创造性，充分发挥农民在乡村振兴中的主体地位，咬定目标、埋头苦干、久久为功，我们完全有条件、有能力把乡村振兴这个大战略实施好，谱写好中华民族伟大复兴的“三农”新篇章。
我就介绍到这里。下面，我和我的同事吴宏耀同志愿意回答大家的提问，谢谢大家。
Material for the press conference of the State Council Information Office
On No. 1 Central Document in 2018
(Feb. 5, 2018)
Office of the Central Leading Group for Rural Affairs
The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) has proposed to implement the Rural Vitalization Strategy and incorporated it into the CPCConstitution, which carries landmark significance in carrying out work on agriculture, rural areas and farmers in China. Implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy is a new banner and a general measure to develop agriculture, rural areas and the welfare of farmers in the new era. The No. 1 Central Document in 2018 "Views of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy" is the 20th No. 1 Central Document since the reform and opening up, and the 15thone issued in the new century. The document has fully implemented the guidelines from the 19th CPC National Congress, followed the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, charted the course, determinedways of thinking, specified tasks and designedpolicies centering on the Rural Vitalization Strategy, to pursue a top-level design for the rural vitalization in the new era.
I. Framework of the No. 1 Central Document in 2018
The No. 1 Central Document in 2018 is divided into four sections and 12 parts. The first section is the overview with two parts that elaborate respectivelythe significance and general requirements of implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy in the new era. The second section is about the key tasks of implementing the strategy, which ranges from the third to eighth part. The third sectionpresentsthe measures to guarantee the implementation of the strategy, which covers the ninth to the eleventhpart. The fourth section or the twelfth part emphasizes to uphold and strengthenthe Party's leadership over the work on agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and makes an overall arrangement.
II. Significance and General Requirements of Implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy in the New Era
Since the 18th CPC National Congress, China has made historic achievements and changes in agriculture and rural areas under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. First, new outcomes have been achieved inthe supply-side structural reform in agriculture. The comprehensive capacity in agricultural production has improved by leaps and bounds, effectively guaranteeing national food security and supply of important agricultural products. New industries and business forms in ruralareas havealso prospered, adding new driving forcesto agriculture and rural areascontinuously. Second, new breakthroughs have been made in deepening rural reforms. The CPC Central Committee has formulated "Comprehensive Implementation Plan for Deepening Rural Reforms" and launched more than 20 important agricultural reforms. Major breakthroughs have been made in separating ownership rights, contract rights and management rights of rural land, reforming the rural collective property rights system, deepening the pilot reform of the rural land system, reforming the purchase and storage system for important agricultural products like grain, and reforming the system of agricultural subsidies. Third, new trail has been blazed in targeted poverty alleviation. Decisive progress has been made in the battle against poverty with 68.53 million poor people lifted out of poverty and the poverty headcount ratio dropping from 10.2 percent to 3.1 percent. Fourth, farmers' living standards have been improved. Farmers' income is growing faster than that of urban residents, and the relative income gap between urban and rural residents has narrowed from 2.88:1 in 2012 to 2.71:1 in 2017. The construction of rural infrastructure has been advanced as the water supply, power supply, transportation, gas supply, living conditions and information infrastructure improve at a faster speed overall. Comprehensive efforts have been made toimprove the living environment for rural residents, and education, culture, healthcare, and social security develop rapidly. Fifth, new steps have been taken in integrating rural and urban development. More than 80 million people who have moved from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency, and continuousefforts have been taken in order to cover all permanent residentsin cities and towns with basic public services. Urban and rural basic medical treatment and pension system begin to merge. Sixth, rural society takes on a stable and peaceful look. Grassroots Party building and governance in rural areas have been strengthened, and Party members and village officials have developed a more harmonious relationship with the general public, and farmers' sense of gain has increased significantly. The significant achievementsin agriculture and rural areas and the rich experience in work on agriculture, rural areas and farmers provide significant support for blazing a new trail in the cause of the Party and the country overall, and lay a conducive foundation for implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy.
At present, rural areas face with the most unbalanced and inadequate development, and the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers is a fundamental issue concerning the national economy and the people's livelihood. Without the modernization of agricultural and rural areas, there would be no modernization of the country. Whether the agriculture is strong, whether rural areas are beautiful, and whether farmers are wealthy determine how muchsense of gain and happiness the hundreds of millions of farmers enjoy, andhow well we achieve the goals for a moderately well-off society in all aspects and for socialist modernization.To achieve the first centenary goal on schedule and embark on the journey toward the second centenary goal, the most arduous task lies in rural areas, but the most extensive and profound foundation as well as the greatest potential also lie in rural areas. Implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy is the inevitable requirement to resolve the contradiction between the people's ever-growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development, and the inevitable requirement to realize the two centenary goals and achieve common prosperity for everyone.
The overall requirements for implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy are as follows: fully implementing the guidelines from the 19th CPC National Congress, following the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, strengthening the Party’s leadership over the work on agriculture, rural areas and farmers, remaining committed to the underlying principle of pursuing progress while keeping performance stable, keeping in mind the new development philosophy, putting into practice the requirements for high-quality development, ensuring coordinated implementation of the five-sphere integrated plan and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy,regarding the issues of agriculture, rural areas and farmers as a top priority of the Party, giving priority to developing agriculture and rural areas, following the general requirements for prosperous industries,comfortableecological environment,civilized rural customs, effective governance and wealthy life,establishingsound management mechanism and policy system to integrate urban and rural development, coordinating and promoting economic, political, cultural, social and ecological advancement and the Party building, accelerating the modernization of rural governance system and ability as well as agriculture and rural areas, taking the socialist path of rural vitalization with Chinese characteristics, and making agriculture a promising industry, farming an attractive job, and rural areasa homes to live and work in peace and contentment.
In accordance with the strategic arrangement proposed on the 19th CPC National Congress to secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieve the second centenary goal in two phases, the document has made arrangements for phased objectives and tasks of implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy in brief for the long term and in detail for the short term. The three phases are: by 2020, significant progress will be made in rural vitalization with institutional framework and policy system taking basic shape; by 2035, decisive progress will be achievedin rural vitalization with the modernization of agriculture and rural areas basically realized; by 2050, rural areas will be vitalized overall with strong agriculture, beautiful rural environment and wealthy farmers.
The document has made clear seven basic principles of implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy: remaining committed to the Party’s leadership over rural affairs, giving priority to developing agriculture and rural areas, upholding the mainstay position of farmers, pursuing the overall vitalization of rural areas, integrating urban and rural development, ensuring harmony between human and nature, and adjusting measures to local conditions and making progress step by step.
III. Key Tasks of Implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy
First, raising the quality of agricultural development and cultivating new driving forces of rural development with prosperous industries as the focus.
Second, promoting green development in rural areas and creating harmonious coexistence of man and nature with comfortable ecological environment as the key.
Third, vitalizing rural culture and renewing rural customs with civilized rural customs as the guarantee.
Fourth, strengthening grassroots governancein rural areas and building a new rural governance system with effective governance as the basis.
Fifth, improving rural people's livelihood and creating a new look of beautiful rural areas with wealthy life as the foundation.
Sixth, winning the battle against poverty and enhancing the sense of gain among poor people with shaking off poverty as the premise.
IV. Major Measures to Implement the Rural Vitalization Strategy
First, national strategic plan. The document has proposedto formulatethe National Strategic Plan for Rural Vitalization (2018-2022). By benchmarking the document, the planwillmake clearthe objectives and tasks by 2020 when a moderately well-off society in all aspects will be built and by 2022 when the 20th CPC National Congress will be convened, and specify working priorities, policies and measures to guide different regions and various departments on vitalizing rural areas in order.
Second, Party regulations. The document has proposed to formulate CPC regulations for rural affairs. The regulations will specify guidelines, principles, requirements, working scope and subjects, main tasks, organization responsibilities and team building for the Party’s leadership over rural affairs,and improve the leadership system and working mechanism to ensure the effective implementation of the Rural Vitalization Strategy.
Third, increasingly sound rule of law. The document has proposed to intensify efforts in formulating Rural Vitalization Law. Transforming effective rural vitalization policies into law will give full play to the role of legislation in ensuring and promoting rural vitalization.
Fourth, leader responsibility system. The document has proposed to establish leader responsibility system for implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy, and adopt a working mechanism in which the CPC Central Committee coordinates, provinces take overall responsibilities, and cities and counties carry out the work. Heads of Party organizations or government departments will be the prime responsible persons, and Party secretaries at five different levels should also take the responsibilities of rural vitalization. Party secretaries of county committees should make great efforts to develop agriculture, rural areas and the welfare of farmers, and serve as"frontline commanders-in-chief"for rural vitalization.The Party committees and governments of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) should report annually to the CPCCentral Committee and the State Council on the progress in implementing the Rural Vitalization Strategy. An assessment system should be established to assessthe performance of leaders and officials of Party organizations or government departments in cities and counties in promoting the strategy, and the assessment results will be used as an important referencein selecting and appointing leading officials. The document has also proposed to promote rural vitalization by advancing Party building, andbuild a long-acting mechanism to appoint first Party secretaries to Party organizations in poor villages, weak and slack villages, and villages with weak collective economy.
Fifth, a series of important strategies, and major actions and projects. Arrangementson important strategies cover carrying forward the strategy of increasing food crop production based on farmland management and technology application, carrying out food safety strategy, formulating and implementing national strategic plan for developing high-quality agriculture, and implementing the strategy of digital rural areas. Arrangements on major actions cover improving the living environment for rural residents in three years, winning the battle against poverty in three years, vitalizing villages and counties by developing industries, pursuing green development of agriculture, saving water in national agriculture, enhancing agricultural product processing industry, enriching people by developing forestry, promoting export of agricultural products with special advantages, eliminating organized crimes, transforming old customs, improving team of rural leaders, promoting rural employment and entrepreneurship, and encouraging women to engage in rural vitalization. Arrangements on major projects cover improving rural land and developing high-grade farmland vigorously, constructing a batch of major irrigation projects for high efficiency and water-saving, developing modern crop,seed, livestock and poultry industries as well as aquaculture and forestry, developing high-end manufacturing of agricultural machinery, developing intelligent agriculture, forestry and water conservancy projects, promoting ecological forestry products, constructing modern marine ranches, constructing modern cold-chain logistics system foragricultural products, carrying forward comprehensive demonstration of e-commerce in rural areas, protecting and restoring important ecosystems, turning marginal farmland into forest or grassland and restoring grassland from grazing, strengthening governance of rural water environment and protection of rural drinking water sources, expanding the coverage of work to deal comprehensively with groundwater over-abstraction in north China, preventing and restoring cultivated land from contamination of heavy metals, intensifyingsoil protection in northeast China, protecting goodheritage of agricultural culture, promoting "Xueliang Project"to enhance public security in rural areas, improving basic conditions of low-performing schools, promotingboarding school construction, improving the nutrition of rural students receiving compulsory education, cultivating new-type professional farmers, vitalizing traditional techniques, developing rural roads with good construction, management, maintenance and operation, consolidating and enhancing drinking water security in rural areas, and accelerating the new round of power grid upgrading in rural areas.
Sixth, arrangements on key things of farmers' concern. The arrangements cover promoting "toilet revolution" in rural areas, promoting livestock and poultry waste treatment, crop straw comprehensive utilization and waste agricultural film recycling, establishing online rural service sites, and formulating a sound rural service system step by step.
Seventh, comprehensive institutional supply. The document has arranged a series of major reform measures and system construction moves, which cover consolidating and improving the basic rural management system, deepening the reform of rural land system, deepening the reform of rural collective property rights system, improvingthe system of supporting and protecting agriculture, building professional farmer system overall, establishing market-based and diversifiedmechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts, establishing and improvingrural governance system with rule of law,rule of virtue and social governance, innovating the mechanism to cultivate, introduce and utilize talents in rural areas, and encouraging all sectors of society to engage actively in rural vitalization.
Eighth, comprehensive planning to solve the problem of "where does the money come from". The document has proposed to improve the input guarantee system, innovate investment and financing mechanism, and speed up to formulate a diversified investment pattern with prioritized fiscal support, substantial financial input and active engagement of society, to ensure an continuously increasing input intensity and amount.
In the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, rural areas as a vast territory with great potential have ushered in unusual opportunities for development. General Secretary Xi Jinping charts the course for us, and we also have political advantage offered by the Party’s leadership, institutional advantage provided by the socialist system, creativity of hundreds of millions of farmers, strong economic support, time-honored agricultural civilization and great market demand. We have firm confidence that by giving effective play to the dominant role of farmers in rural vitalization, fully mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of hundreds of millions of farmers, and working hard towards the goals with perseverance, we are fully capable of ensuring the Rural Vitalization Strategy are well implemented, and writing a new chapter of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.