·翻译史研究·

让马可波罗重回中国

——论冯承钧及其所译中外文化交流典籍

江帆

（复旦大学中文系，上海 200433；华中师范大学外语学院，武汉 430079）

摘要：本文站在翻译文化研究的立场上，分析冯承钧先生著名的“文化灌输”观点对其翻译取材和处理方式的影响，并着重研究中国翻译史和冯承钧个人翻译生涯中极为重要的一页—《马可波罗行纪》的汉译，通过对冯承钧中外文化交流典籍翻译成果的描述和分析，指出这种专门翻译在史地学术领域之外产生的普遍文化意义。本文谨向翻译大师冯承钧先生致敬，并希望翻译史研究者重视这一类特殊的翻译实践和成果，注意到某些专门题材翻译对一般翻译研究产生的启发。

关键词：冯承钧；《马可波罗行纪》；文化灌输

中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-873X(2006)02-0032-07

Bring Marco Polo Back to China:

Feng Chengjun and His Translation of Classics about Sino-Foreign Cultural Exchanges

Jiang Fan

(Department of Chinese, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China)

Abstract：This essay analyzes the late Chinese master translator Feng Chengjun’s concept of“cultural irrigating,”which underlies his selection of original texts and informs his systematic approach to translation. Feng showed a preference for and specialized in translating just one kind of source texts, i.e., classics about China’s cultural exchanges with foreign countries. Yet as his landmark rendition of the Travels of Marco Polo demonstrates, what he achieved transcends the narrow historico-geographical interests served by his source texts and attains universal cultural significance.

Key Word: Feng Chengjun; Travels of Marco Polo; cultural irrigating

·翻译教学·

道格拉斯·罗宾逊以人为中心的翻译教学思想评介

陈宏薇

(华中师范大学外国语学院英语系，湖北 武汉 430079)

摘要：本文从四个方面较详细地评介美国翻译理论家道格拉斯·罗宾逊以人为中心的翻译教学思想。评介内容有：以人为中心的教学内容、翻译教师和学员都是社会存在的教学理念、基于人的认知规律（穿梭于经验与习惯之间）的教学模式和以学员为中心（脑兼容）的教学方法。本文作者拟说明道格拉斯·罗宾逊的翻译教学思想较深刻地揭示了翻译教学的实质，其创建的教学模式与教学方法有助于快速、有效地培养译员。他的翻译教学思想对我国的翻译教学研究和教学翻译研究有借鉴意义。

关键词：道格拉斯·罗宾逊；翻译教学思想；借鉴意义

中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-873X(2006)02-0045-06

Douglas Robinson’s Person-centered Approach to Teaching and Learning Translation

Chen Hongwei

(School of Foreign Languages, Huazhong Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China)

Abstract：This paper introduces and comments on a person-centered approach to teaching and learning translation presented by American translation theorist Douglas Robinson. Robinson’s pedagogical program consists of four key points: the demand that person-centered teaching materials be used; the foundatioal assumption that both teachers and students are social beings; the adoption of a cognitively based model of teaching that maintains a dynamic interaction with both experience and habit; and the application of a learner-centered methodology. Elaborating on each of these points, the paper argues that Robinson’s approach shows a profound understanding of what is special about translation pedagogy, holds the promise of a quicker and more effective way of training translators, and hence should be taken into serious consideration by Chinese teachers and students of translation alike.

Key words: Douglas Robinson; person-centered approach; translation pedagogy

·口 译·

从话语分析的角度重识口译人员的角色

任文 蒋莉华

（四川大学外国语学院， 四川 成都 610064；德国萨尔州立大学英文系）

摘 要：本文试图以跨学科的视野，从话语分析的角度，将日常谈话口译看作是由不同话语系统的人通过口译者所进行的一个面对面的口头交际活动，一个特殊的话语过程，并运用话语分析中的“话轮转换机制”解析口译过程，指出包括译者在内的所有谈话参与者都对交际活动的方向和结果产生影响，译者具有一定的参与性和主观能动性，进而质疑将口译者视为“传声筒”、“隐形人”的传统偏见。

关键词：谈话口译；话语分析；话轮；话轮转换

中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-873X(2006)02-0061-05

Reinterpreting the Interpreters’Role: A Discourse Analytical Perspective

Ren Wen & Jiang Lihua

(College of Foreign Languages, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China;

English Department, Universit t des Saarlandes, Germany)

Abstract: Taking an interdisciplinary approach and drawing in particular from theories of discourse analysis, the co-authors of this paper propose that we view the interpreter-mediated conversation as a discourse process in which the primary interlocutors coming from two different language/cultural systems interact face-to-face with each other through an interpreter. Seen from such a perspective, an interpreter can manage the flow of talk by adopting appropriate discourse strategies and, together with the primary interlocutors, may even influence the direction and outcome of the interaction. This understanding poses a challenge to some widely circulating notions about the interpreter, such as her need to possess a“microphone personality”or to render herself“invisible.”

Key words: interpreter-mediated conversation; discourse analysis; turn; turn-taking

·影视翻译·

小议电影片名的英汉翻译原则

郑玉琪 王晓冬

(东南大学外语系，江苏 南京 210096； 南京理工大学高等职业技术学院，江苏 南京 210014)

摘要：电影片名虽然短小，却是整部电影的高度浓缩和点睛之处，还是影片能否成功走向国际商业市场，打开观众心灵之门的一把金钥匙。本文从电影片名的广告宣传功能谈起，通过分析众多英文电影汉语译名的范例，提出了电影片名翻译时应该遵循的三条基本原则，即信息传递原则、美学欣赏原则和文化重构原则。

关键词：电影片名；英汉翻译；原则

中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-873X(2006)02-0066-03

On the English-Chinese Translation of Movie Titles

Zheng Yuqi & Wang Xiaodong

(Dept. of Foreign Languages, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;

Vocational and Technological College, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China)

Abstract: Short as the title is, it is nonetheless one of the film’s essential components and is crucial to its marketing and audience appeal. This paper analyzes the ways in which movie titles in English have been translated into Chinese in reference to the commercial and advertising functions they are expected to perform, and identifies the informative, the aesthetic, and the cultural reconstructive principle as the three guidelines for translating movie titles in general.

Key words: movie titles; English-Chinese translation; principles

·机器翻译·

面向中文学术专著的机器辅助翻译研究*

柏晓静 俞士汶

（清华大学外语系，北京 100084；北京大学计算语言学研究所，北京 100871）

摘 要：学术专著的对外传播对我国科学技术的发展意义重大。本文分析当前专著翻译工作中存在的问题和专著本身的特点，介绍一个面向中文学术专著的机器辅助翻译模型及其计算机辅助环境，用以细化专著翻译过程、规范人与计算机的分工与协作。实际应用的结果表明，该模型及辅助翻译系统能有效地提高专著翻译工作的自动化程度，保证专著翻译的效率和质量。

关键词：机器辅助翻译；中文学术专著；过程建模；翻译记忆；双语语料库

中图分类号：H059 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-873X(2006)02-0078-07

Computer-aided Translation of Chinese Academic Monographs

Bai Xiaojing & Yu Shiwen

(Dept. of Foreign Languages, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;

Institute of Computational Linguistics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

Abstract: The accessibility to an international readership of Chinese academic monographs plays a significant role in the progress of China’s science and technology. Addressing the problems currently plaguing monograph translation with a reference to the special features of scholarly works in Chinese, this article calls attention to a process modelling for computer-aided translation of this particular genre and the development of a corresponding CAT system. The model and the CAT system help to specify the process for rendering monographs into the designated target language and to regulate the interaction between the human translator and the computer. Their application facilitates the automatization of pratical work in monograph translation, adding to its efficiency and quality.

Key words: computer-aided translation (CAT); academic monograph; process modeling; translation memory; bilingual corpus