论学派与建构主义翻译学*
吕 俊
（南京师范大学外国语学院，江苏  南京 210097）
摘 要：本文讨论了学派的作用及其与学术共同体的关系，指出学派就是库恩所说的科学共同体，并用库恩的理论对我国已有的几种翻译研究范式进行了对比分析，说明它们就是在我国译学界存在的不同学派。作者还在此基础上指出建构主义翻译研究是一个全新的范式，并用库恩科学革命的结构理论论证了它的合法性。
关键词：学派；科学共同体；范式；建构主义翻译学
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0010-06
Intellectual Schools and the Constructivist Translatology
Lü    Jun
(School of Foreign Languages & Cultures, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China)
Abstract: This paper discusses the functions performed by the“schools of thought”and the way they are related to scholarly community as a whole. Identifying the“school”in this context with what Thomas Kuhn calls a“scientific community,”the paper offers a contrastive analysis of the research paradigms currently circulating in China’s field of translation studies, arguing that these could well be seen as different schools of thought. Extending the analogy with Kuhn’s model of scientific revolution still further, the author suggests that the constructivist translatology be regarded as an emerging new paradigm for translation-related researches.
Key words: intellectual school; scientific community; paradigm; constructivist translatoloy

当“信”与“化境”被消解时
——解构主义翻译观质疑
刘全福
（华东理工大学 外语学院，上海 200237）
摘 要：近来解构之风日盛，其影响于翻译者亦可谓荦荦大者：颠覆“上帝作者”权威、消解文本中心意义、凸现译者主体意识等等在诸如此类的话语环境下，传统意义上的翻译理念似乎正面临不小的挑战。解构主义翻译观不啻是一把锋利的双刃剑，它既向国内困顿已久的译学研究注入了新的活力，同时也给我国自成一体的传统翻译思想带来了一定的冲击。本文拟就“信”与“化境”翻译标准的消解现象稍事评述，并对解构主义的翻译观提出几点另类的看法。
关键词：解构主义；翻译；信；化境
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0016-05
Interrogating Deconstructive Interpretation of “Fidelity”
and“Transmigration”
Liu　Quanfu
（Foreign Language School，East China University of Science and Technology，Shanghai 200237,China）
Abstract: With the deconstructionist theory’s growing popularity among Chinese scholars, a translator-centered perspective is becoming the order of the day in China’s translation studies. This paper challenges the prevailing deconstructive interpretation of“fidelity”and “transmigration,”the twin traditional criteria for translation. It also takes issue with what it sees as abusive applications of deconstruction in the realm of translation studies as a whole.
Key words: deconstruction; translation; faithfulness; transmigration

关联翻译理论研究的回顾与展望*
王建国
（北京外国语大学中国外语教育研究中心，北京100089）
摘 要：本文回顾了在中西方关联翻译理论的研究和进展状况，指出中西方学者都比较注重研究“关联理论是否能解释一切翻译现象”这个命题；不同之处在于，我国学者更多地注重研究如何应用关联理论来实现忠实的翻译，而西方学者则紧随关联理论的新发展提出新的关联翻译理论。最后，文本展望了关联翻译理论的发展取向，指出关联翻译理论的发展将仍然会以求“信”和对翻译的认知过程进行解释性研究为取向。
关键词：关联翻译理论；回顾；展望
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0021-06
Relevance-theoretically Informed Translation Studies:  Retrospect and Prospect
Wang Jianguo
(National Research Center for Foreign Language Education,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089,China)
Abstract: A review of how the relevance theory-guided study of translation has been growing both in China and in the West identifies as this sub-field’s central concern whether relevance alone can account for all the phenomena of translation. While Chinese scholars are interested primarily in using the theory to address fidelity-related issues, their Western counterparts tend to focus on constructing new models of translation in line with the latest developments of relevance theory. These findings suggest that in the days to come cognitive process of translation and the problematic of fidelity are likely to remain as the twin foci of relevance-centered study of translation.
Key words: relevance-theoretic translation theory; retrospect; prospect

再创作的伪翻译属性
封一函
(首都师范大学 外国语学院,  北京100037)
摘 要：再创论所提倡的不是名为翻译实为原创，而是追求一种所谓理想的翻译境界。而伪翻译本质上是在向目的语文化输出新要素的过程中以翻译为伪装的一种创造行为。本论文引进吉迪恩·图里提出的伪翻译概念，并对此加以引申和重新阐释，认为要结束对再创作的质疑的有效策略是把它视为可接受的、具有伪翻译倾向的翻译文类。
关键词：再创论；翻译文类；伪翻译
中图分类号：I059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0027-04
Innovative Translation as Pseudotranslation
Feng Yihan
(Foreign Languages College,  Capital Normal University,  Beijing 100037,  China)
Abstract: What the concept of innovative translation aims at is not an original work in the guise of a translation, but some kind of“genuine”translation as an ideal target-language text. What Gideon Toury’s notion of pseudotranslation calls forth, on the other hand, is an original creative work masquerading as translation, one that is devoted to introducing new elements into the target culture. By extending and re-interpreting the latter notion, this paper argues that in order to put an end to existing doubts about the justifiability of innovative translation, it is necessary that we see it anew, as a special genre of translation which possesses characteristics similar to those of pseudotranslation.
Key words: translational innovation; genre; psedotranslation

从“字神”看文学翻译中的语义认知和艺术效果    
——朱纯深译《麦子》析
林新华 
（莆田学院外语系，福建 莆田351100）
摘 要：本文讨论了认知语义范畴观同文本艺术效果的内在关联，并据此提出对文学文本中的词义模糊性，即“字神”，不但要在语词表层，更要在语词深层进行观察，才能认识其美学内涵。论文认为，在文学翻译中对效果的探讨，必须关注译者认知经验中文化相似性和个人性的互动，以及由此互动而导致的朦胧性。以认知语义的范畴观来看，这种朦胧性通过语词的知识网络体系，使翻译和阅读达到体验的诗意境界。
关键词：认知语义学；文学翻译；范畴化;家族相似性；诗意
中图分类号：I059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0031-05
Capturing the“Spirit”of the Word:
Zhu Chunshen’s Chinese Translation of“The Wheat”As an Exemplar for
Studying Semantic Cognition and Artistic Effect in Literary Translation
Lin Xinhua
(Foreign Language Department, Putian University, Putian 351100,China)
Abstract: This paper discusses how cognitively relevant semantic categorization bears on the realization of the artistic effect of a literary text. Taking a close look at semantic fuzziness in literary texts in conjunction with what is conventionally known as the“spirit”of a word, the author argues that only by examining the intrinsic qualities of a textually significant word in terms of semantic categorization can one hope to capture its“sprit”, i.e., its aesthetic connotations. The paper further points out that the realization of artistic effects in literary translation is contingent on an interaction between the cultural similarities and the individual particularities that constitutes the translator’s cognitive experience of the text and creates a sense of fuzziness. Within the framework of cognitively relevant semantic categorization, it is this fuzziness, working through the network of words that represents human knowledge as a whole, that enables translating and reading to result in poetic experience. 
Key words: cognitive semantics; literary translation; categorization; family resemblance; poetics

主题关联性社会文化语境与择义的理据性
——TEM8英译汉应试教学谈
曾 利 沙
（广东外语外贸大学，广东  广州  50420）
摘 要：TEM8语段翻译应试教学应突出从大处着眼，从小处着手的原则，强调微观层次意义生成的语境关联性融合。讨论要点有二：a)语段潜在主题与主题倾向的确立；b)主题关联性社会文化语境与择义的理据性。
关键词：TEM8；语段翻译；主题关联性；社会文化语境
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0036-05
Theme-Relevant Socio-cultural Context and Motivations for
Meaning-Determination:
Notes on Teaching English-Chinese Translating for TEM8
Zeng Lisha
(Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou 510420 , China)
Abstract: The paper holds that the principle of“think globally, act locally”ought to be affirmed in the teaching of passage/paragraph translation in preparation for TEM8. An approach guided by this principle requires a context-relevant fusion of meaning-generation and micro-level manipulation. It centers on two key points: (1) the manipulative procedure for setting up the underlying theme and the theme-inclination of the passage; and (2) the motivation for lexical meaning-determination or choices of semantic items, within the socio-cultural context governed by the relevant theme and theme-inclination.
Key words: TEM8; passage translating; theme-relevance; socio-cultural context

新发现的莎剧《威尼斯商人》中译本：《剜肉记》
朱静
（北京大学英语系，北京100871）
摘 要：莎士比亚剧作在中国的译介始于20世纪初叶，但绝大多数早期译作只可称为原作的故事梗概，《剜肉记》是笔者最近发现的《威尼斯商人》最早的中文译本之一，也可能是迄今所发现的保留了莎剧原作戏剧形式、内容较为完整的最早的中译本。本文拟考察来华美国女传教士亮乐月翻译的《剜肉记》，探讨译者如何从特殊的女性视角出发采取相应的翻译策略和技巧，以及如何在译作中传达基督教思想和男女平等的西方思想观念。
关键词：莎剧；翻译；女传教士；基督教思想；女权主义
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0050-05
Laura M. White and Her Chinese Translation of The Merchant of Venice
Zhu Jing
(The Department of English, Peking University, Beijing 100871 , China)
Abstract: Shakespeare’s plays were first introduced into China in the beginning of the twentieth century, though most of their early Chinese versions were little more than brief plot summaries of the original texts. This paper reports on the recent discovery of what could be the earliest full-length Chinese translation of The Merchant of Venice, with Laura M. White, an American missionary, as its translator. A close examination of the text directs our attention to the way the woman missionary-cum-translator devised translational strategies and techniques so as to infuse the target text with both a Christian spirit and Western ideals such as gender equality.
Key words: translation; Shakespearian studies; missionary; feminism

常识立场和科学立场
郑海凌
（北京师范大学外文学院，北京100875）
摘 要：本文讨论文学翻译研究的方法问题，并涉及学风和理论创新的有关问题。作者看重科学意识和实证精神，认为理论的创新是在常识和现象里发现问题，从中探索带有规律性的东西，以建构自成一家之言。
关键词：常识立场；科学立场；他人话语;创新
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0055-03
Commonsense Grounds versus Scientific Grounds
Zheng Hailing
(College of Foreign Languages, Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
Abstract: This article deals mainly with methodological issues in translation studies. It also reflects on related questions such as“what should be the right approach to learning from others”or“how theoretical innovation can be achieved”in the field. Putting a premium on a scientifically informed consciousness and a demonstratively oriented disposition on the part of the researcher, the author argues that only by identifying and probing into problems embedded in common knowledge and ordinary phenomena can we hope to generate new ideas and to achieve originality in our thinking about translation.
Key words: common sense grounds; scientific grounds; words of others; originality

中央及部分地方电视台栏目名称英译纵观
唐  俭
（上海电力学院外语系，上海 200090）
摘 要：电视台栏目名称的翻译质量直接影响节目的收视率，本文对中央台和地方台电视栏目名称翻译的操作原则和栏目名称英译中的实例进行了探讨，对今后如何改进这方面工作提出了建设性的建议。
关键词：电视栏目名称 ;  英译;  操作原则
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0058-03
A Look into the English Titles of CCTV and Local TV Programs from Translation’s Point of View
Tang Jian
(Foreign Language Department, Shanghai Electric Power Institute, Shanghai  200090, China)
Abstract: Since the title of a TV program would affect its ratings, its translation necessarily impacts on the program’s appeal to non-native viewers. Using English titles of CCTV and various local programs as examples, the paper reflects on general principles for undertaking this kind of translation and offers tips for dealing with existing problems in this area.  
Key words: program title; English translation; guideline 

也论翻译学词典
曾东京
(上海大学外语学院, 上海  200444)
摘 要：本文就译学词典及其研究存在的10大问题，从词典学的角度,讨论译学词典的编纂问题。
关键词：词典；翻译研究；词典学
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0061-05
On the Making of Specialized Dictionaries for Translation Studies
Zeng Dongjing
(Foreign Languages College, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China)
Abstract: This article identifies and comments on ten major problems in the lexicographical practices and researches undertaken by translation scholars, and proposes a number of theory-guided remedies for these shortcomings.
Key words: dictionary; translation studies; lexicography

典籍英译中的疑难考辨
——以《楚辞》为例
卓振英 杨秋菊
(汕头大学文学院,  广东  汕头 515063 ；虎门中学, 广东  东莞  523907)
摘 要：考辨是典籍英译中的首要环节。本文以《楚辞》英译为例，说明只有通过考辨，才能做到有所鉴别、有所发现，为英译提供坚实可靠的基础，并总结了典籍英译中考辨的主要方法，如训诂、考据、移情、文化历史观照、文本内证及外证、互文观照以及作者与文本的互证等。
关键词：典籍英译；考辩；方法
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0066-05
Textual Research As a Sine Qua Non for Classics Translation
Zhuo Zhenying&Yang Qiuju
(Liberal Arts College, Shantou University,Shantou 515063, China;Humen Middle School, Dongguan 523907,China)
Abstrct: Textual research is of vital importance to the translation of Chinese classics, for unless this is carried out first, there is no way for the translator to distinguish the right interpretation of the source text from the wrong ones and thus to obtain a solid footing for her work. Using the translation of The Verse of Chu as an exemplar, this article shows that in conducting textual research, the translator has at her disposal a whole range of methods, from etymological exegesis, textual criticism, empathetic reasoning, cultural and historical framing, inner- and outer- textual analysis, intertextuality, to author/text mutual verification.
Key words: translation of classics; textual research; methodology

口译理论研究成果与趋势浅析
刘和平
(北京语言大学 外语学院，北京100083)
摘 要：中国的口译研究自上世纪末有了很大发展，涉及的领域逐渐扩大，研究方法逐渐走向科学化，口译理论研究与教学关系更加紧密。如何从跨学科角度脚踏实地加强实证和认知研究，如何引导口译向职业化方向发展，如何根据中外文特点进行口译教学，这是口译界面临的新课题。
关键词：实证研究；认知研究；职业化
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0071-04
Theorizing Interpretation: Advances and Trends
Liu Heping
(Beijing Languages and Culture University, Beijing 100083,China)
Abstract: Significant headway has been made in China’s studies of interpretation since the end of last century, resulting in a widening scope of inquiry, a more scientifically based methodology for research, and a closer link with the pedagogy concerned. The challenge to this field at present is to introduce an interdisciplinary dimension to its current research paradigm, to speed up the professionalization of the practice, and to design language-specific training programs for interpreters.
Key words: empirical research; cognitive research; professionalization

再谈城市街道商店和单位名称的翻译
傅志爱  官洁瑜  李艾文  姚碧樱  吴素珊
(加拿大温哥华翻译工作者)
摘 要：本文是加拿大温哥华的几位专业翻译工作者对中国翻译第2004/2期中一文《必须重视城市街道商店和单位名称的翻译——对上海部分著名路段商店和单位牌名等翻译错误的调查》一文的回应。作者提出英译店名和标示语时，除了语言能力外，跨文化意识至为重要,并提供了北美相关例子作参考.
关键词：中英翻译；跨文化意识；店名；标示语；北美
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0075-05
Translating Shop Names and Signage: A Reconsideration
Zhiai Fu, Kit Koon, Irene Lee, Beth Yao & Susan Yao
(Translators from Vancouver, Canada)
Abstract: Responding to“Translation of the Names of Shops and Government Units -With Shanghai as a Case Example”, an article published in the 2004/2 issue of The Chinese Translators Journal, a group of professional translators in Vancouver, Canada urge that close attention be paid not just to linguistic competence, but also to cross-cultural awareness, in turning Chinese shop names and signage into English. Examples of comparable store names and signage in North America are offered to illuminate the crucial role played by such an awareness.
Keywords: Chinese-English translation; cross-cultural awareness; store names; signage; North America

经贸合同英语的语言特征及其翻译  
陈建平
（宁波大学国际交流学院，浙江 宁波 315211）
摘 要：合同英语作为一种专门用途英语，有其独特的语言特征。本文从词法、句法层面分析经贸合同英语的语言特征，探讨和归纳经贸合同英汉翻译的一些基本规律和原则。
关键词：经贸合同英语；语言特征；翻译
中图分类号：H059            文献标识码：A           文章编号：1000-873X(2005)04-0080-05
Linguistic Features of English-based Business Contract and Its Translation
Chen Jianping
(International College, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)
Abstract: As a unique case of ESP, contract English has its distinctive linguistic features. This paper analyzes these features at both the morphological and the syntactical level, and discusses the basic rules and principles applicable to the translation of this special genre into Chinese.
Keywords:  business contract; linguistic features; E-C translation